Podcast
Questions and Answers
The administrative distance for directly connected routes is ______.
The administrative distance for directly connected routes is ______.
0
A static route has an administrative distance of ______.
A static route has an administrative distance of ______.
1
The administrative distance for External BGP is ______.
The administrative distance for External BGP is ______.
20
RIP has an administrative distance of ______.
RIP has an administrative distance of ______.
OSPF has an administrative distance of ______.
OSPF has an administrative distance of ______.
Static routes are commonly used as a default route forwarding packets to a ______.
Static routes are commonly used as a default route forwarding packets to a ______.
Dynamic routing protocols allow for automatic updates while static routes are defined by the ______.
Dynamic routing protocols allow for automatic updates while static routes are defined by the ______.
Internal EIGRP has an administrative distance of ______.
Internal EIGRP has an administrative distance of ______.
Static routes are useful for smaller networks with only ______ path to an outside network.
Static routes are useful for smaller networks with only ______ path to an outside network.
Static and dynamic routing are not mutually ______.
Static and dynamic routing are not mutually ______.
When a router receives an IP packet on one interface, it determines which interface to use to ______ the packet to the destination.
When a router receives an IP packet on one interface, it determines which interface to use to ______ the packet to the destination.
The primary functions of a router are to determine the best path to ______ packets based on the information in its routing table.
The primary functions of a router are to determine the best path to ______ packets based on the information in its routing table.
Each network that a router connects to typically requires a separate ______.
Each network that a router connects to typically requires a separate ______.
A router uses its IP routing table to determine which path (route) to use to ______ a packet.
A router uses its IP routing table to determine which path (route) to use to ______ a packet.
Static and ______ routing involve different methods of managing routing paths in a network.
Static and ______ routing involve different methods of managing routing paths in a network.
The interface that the router uses to forward the packet may be the final ______, or it may be a network connected to another router.
The interface that the router uses to forward the packet may be the final ______, or it may be a network connected to another router.
Routers determine the best path based on the information in its ______.
Routers determine the best path based on the information in its ______.
In the example of routers R1 and R2, each will use their respective IP routing ______ to determine the best path.
In the example of routers R1 and R2, each will use their respective IP routing ______ to determine the best path.
Dynamic routing protocols are implemented in any type of network consisting of more than just a few ______.
Dynamic routing protocols are implemented in any type of network consisting of more than just a few ______.
Dynamic routing protocols are scalable and automatically determine better routes if there is a change in the ______.
Dynamic routing protocols are scalable and automatically determine better routes if there is a change in the ______.
As the network grows, the dynamic routing protocol automatically learns about any new ______.
As the network grows, the dynamic routing protocol automatically learns about any new ______.
Static routing increases in configuration ______ with network size.
Static routing increases in configuration ______ with network size.
Dynamic routing automatically adapts to topology ______ changes.
Dynamic routing automatically adapts to topology ______ changes.
Dynamic routing is suitable for simple to complex network ______.
Dynamic routing is suitable for simple to complex network ______.
For security in dynamic routing, it must be ______ to ensure proper configurations.
For security in dynamic routing, it must be ______ to ensure proper configurations.
Static routing does not use additional ______ such as CPU or memory resources.
Static routing does not use additional ______ such as CPU or memory resources.
In dynamic routing, the path depends on ______ and the routing protocol used.
In dynamic routing, the path depends on ______ and the routing protocol used.
Static routing paths are explicitly defined by the ______.
Static routing paths are explicitly defined by the ______.
The ______ determines the best path for packets to travel in a network.
The ______ determines the best path for packets to travel in a network.
The command to create a static route is ______ followed by the destination address.
The command to create a static route is ______ followed by the destination address.
In IPv6, the command for a default route is ______.
In IPv6, the command for a default route is ______.
Load balancing can be categorized into equal-cost and ______ load balancing.
Load balancing can be categorized into equal-cost and ______ load balancing.
IS-IS is utilized for ______ routing protocols.
IS-IS is utilized for ______ routing protocols.
A directly connected network is added to the routing table when an interface is configured with an IP address and ______ length.
A directly connected network is added to the routing table when an interface is configured with an IP address and ______ length.
Routers learn about remote networks through ______ routes and dynamic routing protocols.
Routers learn about remote networks through ______ routes and dynamic routing protocols.
After determining the correct path, a router can forward the packet on a directly connected network, to a ______ router, or drop the packet.
After determining the correct path, a router can forward the packet on a directly connected network, to a ______ router, or drop the packet.
Routers support three packet forwarding mechanisms: process switching, fast switching, and ______.
Routers support three packet forwarding mechanisms: process switching, fast switching, and ______.
The source of routing table information is derived from directly connected networks, static routes, and ______ routing protocols.
The source of routing table information is derived from directly connected networks, static routes, and ______ routing protocols.
Every router makes its decision based on the information in its own ______ table.
Every router makes its decision based on the information in its own ______ table.
Routing table entries include the route source, destination network, AD, metric, next-hop, route timestamp, and exit ______.
Routing table entries include the route source, destination network, AD, metric, next-hop, route timestamp, and exit ______.
A default route specifies a next-hop router to use when the routing table does not contain a specific ______ that matches the destination IP address.
A default route specifies a next-hop router to use when the routing table does not contain a specific ______ that matches the destination IP address.
Dynamic routing protocols can discover a network, maintain routing tables, select a best path, and automatically discover a new best path if the ______ changes.
Dynamic routing protocols can discover a network, maintain routing tables, select a best path, and automatically discover a new best path if the ______ changes.
IPv4 routing tables still have a structure based on ______ addressing represented by levels of indentation.
IPv4 routing tables still have a structure based on ______ addressing represented by levels of indentation.
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Study Notes
Module Overview
- Focus on routing concepts within Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials v7.0.
- Objectives include packet forwarding, path determination, basic router configuration, and comparing static and dynamic routing.
Path Determination
- Routers determine the best path to forward packets using information from IP packets and their routing tables.
- Each interface on the router typically connects to a separate network; the router decides whether to send packets directly to the destination or via another router.
Router Functions
- Primary functions include determining the best forwarding route and sending packets towards their destination.
- The IP routing table is crucial for path determination.
IP Routing Table
- Contains entries for various routing protocols and their Administrative Distances (ADs):
- Directly connected: 0
- Static route: 1
- EIGRP summary route: 5
- Internal EIGRP: 90
- OSPF: 110
- RIP: 120
- Internal BGP: 200
Static vs. Dynamic Routing
-
Static Routing:
- Static routes are explicitly defined by an administrator.
- Commonly used as default routes, for stub networks, or to secure traffic in larger networks.
- Useful for smaller networks with predictable paths, increases configuration complexity with more routers.
-
Dynamic Routing:
- Automatically adapts to changes in network topology.
- Scalable and preferred in networks with many routers, as it learns and updates routes automatically.
Comparison of Static and Dynamic Routing
- Configuration Complexity:
- Dynamic routing adapts regardless of network size; static routing complexity increases with network size.
- Adaptation to Topology Changes:
- Dynamic protocols handle changes automatically; static routing requires manual updates.
- Scalability:
- Dynamic is suitable for complex networks, while static is for simpler topologies.
- Security:
- Static inherently provides more security; dynamic requires configuration.
- Resource Usage:
- Dynamic routing uses more CPU and memory resources compared to static routing, which requires none.
Packet Forwarding Mechanisms
- Routers can use process switching, fast switching, or Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) to forward packets.
Routing Table Entries
- Include source, destination network, Administrative Distance, metrics, next-hop information, and exit interfaces.
- Static routes must be manually configured, whereas dynamic routes are learned via protocols that can adapt to topology changes.
New Terms and Commands
- Important terms include Administrative Distance, default route, prefix length, next-hop router, and various routing protocols such as BGP, EIGRP, OSPF, and IS-IS.
- Commands used for router configurations include
ip route
,ipv6 route
,show ip route
, and others related to routing and interface management.
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