Routes of Drug Administration
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Questions and Answers

Drugs are classified based on their pharmacotherapeutic actions, pharmacological actions, molecular actions, and chemical nature.

True

Receptors are only located in cell membranes and do not interact with intracellular ligands.

False

Agonists are ligands that bind but do not activate receptors.

False

There are five main types of receptors that include receptors directly linked to ion channels.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most drugs produce their effects by interacting with specific protein receptors.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Receptors are classified as agonists or antagonists depending on their interaction with drugs.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Potency refers to the volume of a drug needed to elicit a response.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacodynamics deals with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in the body.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Topical application of drugs offers advantages such as higher concentration in the target tissue and fewer side effects.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacology is the study of the actions, mechanisms, uses, and adverse effects of drugs.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

All drugs can be divided into two groups: medicinal drugs and nonmedicinal (social) drugs.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cannabis, heroin, and cocaine are examples of medicinal drugs.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nicotine and alcohol are considered nonmedicinal (social) drugs.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enteral administration is the most predictable way of drug administration due to potential metabolism in the liver and gastrointestinal tract.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rectal administration is consistent and reliable for drug delivery.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sublingual and buccal administration can be used to avoid first-pass metabolism for drugs with a disagreeable taste.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral administration involves the administration of drugs through the gut.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insulin, a protein drug, can be administered orally due to its stability in the gastrointestinal tract.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intravenous injection allows for slow drug distribution in small volumes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enteral administration is the most predictable route for drug administration.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral administration is important for drugs that do not require continuous infusion.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rectal administration bypasses the liver metabolism and gastrointestinal tract.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral administration is the most direct route for drug delivery.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral administration can be used for drugs that cannot be administered orally due to stability, inactivation, or uncertain absorption.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral administration is important for drugs that damage tissues.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parenteral routes of administration include subcutaneous, intramuscular, epidural, and intrathecal injections, as well as transdermal patches.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transdermal patches are the most direct way of drug administration, allowing the drug to enter the bloodstream directly and bypass absorption barriers.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bioavailability considers both absorption and metabolism and describes the proportion of the drug that enters the systemic circulation.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bioavailability is always 100% after oral administration.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drug absorption is affected by physiochemical and physiological factors.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cell membranes are composed of lipid bilayers, and absorption is usually proportional to the lipid solubility of the drug.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Small molecular size favors drug absorption.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most drugs are able to diffuse across membranes in their uncharged state.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pH of the environment and the pKa value of the drug are not important in determining the fraction in the unionized form that is able to diffuse across cell membranes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pH of the environment is important for drug absorption, especially for weak bases, weak acids, or amphoteric drugs.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most drugs are not affected by the physiochemical and physiological factors in their absorption process.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drug absorption will be 100% after intravenous injection and will not depend on the physiochemical characterizations of the drug or the individual.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

  • Enteral administration is the least predictable way of drug administration due to potential metabolism in the liver and gastrointestinal tract.
  • Drugs must cross several barriers, and some may not be suitable for oral administration due to their physicochemical properties.
  • Sublingual and buccal administration can be used to avoid first-pass metabolism and is useful for drugs with a nondisagreeable taste or for drugs that are unstable or inactivated in the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Rectal administration, such as suppositories, also reduces first-pass metabolism but is inconsistent.
  • Parenteral administration is the administration of drugs in a manner that avoids the gut.
  • Insulin, a protein drug, is destroyed by the stomach acidity and digestive enzymes and must be injected subcutaneously instead.
  • Intravenous injection is a direct route of administration that bypasses absorption barriers and allows for rapid drug distribution in large volumes.
  • Parenteral administration is important for drugs that must be given continuously by infusion or for drugs that damage tissues.
  • Enteral administration is the least predictable route due to potential metabolism in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, but it can be used for certain drugs when appropriate.
  • Parenteral administration is the most direct route, allowing drugs to enter the bloodstream directly, bypass absorption barriers, and act rapidly.
  • Parenteral administration can be used for drugs that cannot be administered orally due to stability, inactivation, or uncertain absorption.
  • Parenteral administration is important for drugs that require continuous infusion or for drugs that damage tissues.

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Description

Test your knowledge of different routes of drug administration with this quiz. Learn about the advantages and disadvantages of topical medication, inhaled medication, and enteral medication.

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