Language of Medicine Chapter 21 Quiz

Medical Terms and Definitions

• Contraindications: Conditions or factors that restrict the use of certain drugs or treatments in patients.

• Aerosol: Drug particles dispersed in the air, often used for respiratory medications.

• Iatrogenic: Refers to any negative health condition that arises as a result of treatment provided by a healthcare professional.

• Pharmacodynamics: The scientific study of how drugs affect the body, including processes such as absorption, metabolism, and excretion.

• Inhalation: A method of administering drugs in vapor or gaseous form through the respiratory system via the nose or mouth.

• Vitamin: Essential nutrients found in food that are necessary in small amounts for growth and overall health.

• Syringe: A medical instrument utilized for injecting fluids into or withdrawing fluids from the body.

• Anaphylaxis: A severe allergic reaction involving hypersensitivity to drugs or foreign substances.

• Emetic: A class of drugs specifically designed to induce vomiting.

• Anesthetic: Medications that diminish or abolish sensations, often used during surgical procedures to prevent pain.

• Cathartic: A medication that alleviates constipation. Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant found in common beverages, is another related term.

Prefixes and Roots

• Aer/o: Means "air," significant in terms like aerosol.

• Erg/o: Refers to "work," used in medical terms like synergism.

• Hist/o: Denotes "tissue," used in terms such as antihistamine.

Additional Drug Types

• Hypnotic: Agents that induce sleep, derived from the Greek word "hypnos," meaning sleep.

• Sedative: A milder hypnotic that helps relax patients without necessarily causing sleep.

• Anticonvulsant: Medications aimed at preventing seizures or convulsions.

• Cras/o: Signifies "mixture," used in terms related to blood dyscrasia, indicating abnormal conditions of the blood.