Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most frequent route for drug administration?
What is the most frequent route for drug administration?
Which of the following is NOT a dosage form taken by the oral route?
Which of the following is NOT a dosage form taken by the oral route?
What is a major disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration?
What is a major disadvantage of the oral route of drug administration?
What are the three main parenteral routes of drug administration?
What are the three main parenteral routes of drug administration?
Signup and view all the answers
Which route is used mainly when a patient is vomiting or unconscious?
Which route is used mainly when a patient is vomiting or unconscious?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a major advantage of the intravenous (IV) route for drug administration?
What is a major advantage of the intravenous (IV) route for drug administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of injection administers the drug deep into the skeletal muscle for immediate effect?
What type of injection administers the drug deep into the skeletal muscle for immediate effect?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using the intravenous route?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using the intravenous route?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary difference between topical and transdermal routes?
What is the primary difference between topical and transdermal routes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a significant characteristic of the respiratory route for drug delivery?
What is a significant characteristic of the respiratory route for drug delivery?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Routes of Drug Administration
- Most common route is oral, but can be used for local effects in the GI tract
- Rectal route is used for local action when oral administration is not possible due to vomiting or unconsciousness
- Parenteral route refers to any administration method that is not oral, including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous
- Topical administration is used for local action on the skin and examples include ointments, creams, pastes, and gels.
- Transdermal route is used for systemic action and is applied topically to the skin.
- Respiratory route is used to deliver drugs through the lungs in a gaseous or aerosol mist, with smaller particles reaching deeper into the lungs
- Ophthalmic route is a subtype of topical used for local action in the eye, requiring sterile and isotonic dosage forms
- Sublingual administration places the drug under the tongue, taking advantage of the rich blood supply for fast absorption
Prodrugs
- Prodrugs are compounds that require enzymatic biochemical processes to produce the active drug
- They can be used to modify drug absorption, increase solubility, and improve stability
- Olsalazine is an example of a prodrug that is cleaved by azo reductase enzyme in the GIT to form the active drug 5-aminosalicylic acid.
Factors Affecting Drug Dosage
- Drug dose is the lowest amount needed to achieve therapeutic effects without safety concerns
- Factors that influence dose include age, body weight, and body surface area
- Neonates require dose adjustments due to immature liver and renal function
- Heavier individuals typically require a higher dose than leaner individuals
- Taller individuals require a higher dose than shorter individuals
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on the various routes of drug administration, including oral, rectal, and parenteral methods. Understand how each route affects drug delivery and its applications in different medical scenarios. Challenge yourself with questions on topical, transdermal, and respiratory routes as well.
