Roman Republic Timeline: 205-53 BC

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Questions and Answers

Which event directly led to the declaration of civil war by Caesar?

  • His conquest of Britain.
  • His initial five-year command in Gaul.
  • His defeat of Pompey at Pharsalus.
  • The Senate declaring martial law against him. (correct)

What was the eventual outcome after Hannibal received support from Macedonia and Syracuse?

  • He successfully besieged Rome, leading to a treaty favorable to Carthage.
  • Hannibal and his allies were able to conquer Spain, leading to its division into provinces.
  • Macedonia and Syracuse became Roman provinces shortly thereafter.
  • Scipio's invasion of Africa forced Hannibal's recall and subsequent defeat. (correct)

What was the significance of the Battle of Philippi?

  • It resulted in the defeat of Brutus and Cassius by Octavian and Antony. (correct)
  • It was a major battle in the Third Punic War.
  • It marked the end of the Social War.
  • It led to Caesar becoming consul.

Which sequence of events accurately reflects the Roman expansion and consolidation of power in the Mediterranean?

<p>Philip V defeated at Cynoscephalae -&gt; Third Macedonian War -&gt; Illyricum made a province (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Third Punic War on Carthage?

<p>Carthage was destroyed and Africa was made a province. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the events surrounding Hannibal's campaign in Italy influence Rome's strategic decisions?

<p>Rome shifted focus to directly attacking Carthaginian territories in Africa. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the relationship between the Social War and Sulla's dictatorship?

<p>The Social War revealed weaknesses in the Roman state that Sulla later exploited to seize power. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the political climate in Rome following Caesar’s assassination based on the subsequent events?

<p>There was a power vacuum and subsequent conflict among various leaders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the Achaean League revolt?

<p>Achaea and Macedonia were consolidated into a single Roman province. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events best exemplifies the challenges faced by the Roman Republic in maintaining its territorial integrity and political stability during the 1st century BC?

<p>The revolt of Spartacus in Italy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

205 BC

The end of the First Macedonian War.

203 BC

The year Hannibal was recalled from Italy to defend Carthage.

201 BC

The year a significant treaty was signed, marking a shift in power.

59 BC

The year Gaius Julius Caesar first became a consul.

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58-54 BC

The years of Caesar's initial command in Gaul.

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48 BC

The year Pompey was defeated by Caesar.

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149-146 BC

The years of the Third Punic War, including the destruction of Carthage.

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73-71 BC

The years of Spartacus's slave revolt in Italy.

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49 BC

The year Caesar crossed the Rubicon River, initiating a civil war.

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53 BC

The year Crassus was killed in battle against the Parthians.

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Study Notes

  • End of the First Macedonian War: 205 BC
  • Hannibal was recalled: 203 BC
  • Treaty signed: 201 BC
  • Spain was divided into two provinces: 197 BC
  • Philip V was defeated at Cynoscephalae during the Second Macedonian War: 197 BC
  • Third Macedonian War concludes at Pydna: 168 BC
  • Illyricum was made a province: 167 BC
  • Revolt of the Achaean League; Achaea and Macedonia become a province: 146 BC
  • Third Punic War; Carthage destroyed and Africa made a province: 149-146 BC
  • Gaius Marius was consul six times, including five consecutive terms: 107-100 BC
  • Social War: 91-87 BC
  • Sulla was dictator: 81-80 BC
  • Siege of Rome: 82 BC
  • Fourth Macedonian War ends: 70 BC
  • Pompey and Crassus were consuls: 70 BC
  • Revolt of Spartacus in Italy: 73-71 BC
  • Gaius Julius Caesar was consul: 59 BC
  • Caesar begins first five-year command in Gaul: 58 BC
  • Caesar's conquest of Britain: 55-54 BC
  • Crassus was killed at Carrhae fighting against the Parthians: 53 BC
  • Senate declares martial law against Caesar: January 7, 49 BC
  • Caesar crosses the Rubicon River, initiating civil war: January 11, 49 BC
  • Pompey was defeated by Caesar at Pharsalus: 48 BC
  • Brutus and Cassius were defeated at Philippi by Octavian and Antony: 42 BC
  • Siege of Saguntum: 219 BC
  • Battle of Lake Trasimene: 217 BC
  • Battle of Cannae: 216 BC
  • Hannibal takes Capua, gaining support from Macedonia and Syracuse: 215 BC
  • Defeat of Syracuse; death of Archimedes: 212 BC
  • Scipio invades Africa: 204 BC
  • Romans conquer Spain: 206 BC

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