24 Questions
What are the components of nucleic acids?
Sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate
What are the major co-enzymes that contain adenine nucleotides?
NAD, FAD, CoA
Which nucleotide is known for serving as a major energy currency in cells?
ATP
What are the nitrogen bases found in DNA and RNA?
Pyrimidines C, T, and U
Which nucleotide derivative is an activated intermediate in biosynthetic processes?
UDP-glucose
What is the role of nucleotides in cell signaling activation?
cAMP
What are the nitrogen bases found in both DNA and RNA?
Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C)
Which sugar is present in DNA but not in RNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the nitrogen base pair present in DNA but absent in RNA?
Adenine (A) and Thymine (T)
What is the structure formed when a nucleoside bonds to phosphoric acid?
Nucleotide
How are nucleosides named based on their components?
Using names ending in -osine for pyrimidines and -idine for purines
What differentiates the pentose sugar in DNA from that in RNA?
Presence of an oxygen atom at carbon 2’
In the primary structure of nucleic acids, how are nucleotides joined together?
By phosphodiester bonds
Which group in a nucleotide forms an ester bond with the phosphate group of the next nucleotide?
3’-OH group
Which nucleotide has the abbreviation 'dCMP'?
Deoxycytosine monophosphate (dCMP)
What kind of bond links nucleotides in the primary structure of nucleic acids?
Phosphodiester bond
What type of bonds link nucleotides in DNA?
Ester bonds
Which end of a nucleic acid has a free 5’-phosphate group?
5’-end
In RNA, which bases are linked by phosphodiester bonds?
A, C, G, U
How many hydrogen bonds form between the base pairs A-T in DNA?
Two hydrogen bonds
What forms the structure of the DNA double helix?
Two strands of nucleotides winding together
Which bases are always linked by three hydrogen bonds in DNA?
Adenine and Cytosine (A-C)
What happens to the bases along one strand in a DNA double helix?
They complement the bases along the other strand
In DNA replication, what is maintained each time a cell divides?
Nucleotide sequence
Test your knowledge on the roles of nucleotides in cellular processes, including their function as building blocks of nucleic acids, co-enzymes, metabolic regulators, and energy currency. Explore how nucleotide derivatives contribute to biosynthetic processes.
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