Nucleic Acids and DNA Structure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a component of a nucleotide?

  • Heterocyclic base (correct)
  • Amino acid
  • Fatty acid
  • Polypeptide

What is the name given to the combination of a sugar and a base in a nucleic acid?

  • Hydrogen bond
  • Nucleotide
  • Phosphate ester
  • Nucleoside (correct)

Which of the following nucleotides is involved in cellular energy and signaling processes?

  • Cytosine
  • ATP (correct)
  • Thymine
  • Guanine

What is the specific sequence of bases (GCAT) in DNA connected by?

<p>Phosphate esters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs of bases in DNA are complementary and form hydrogen bonds?

<p>Adenine-Thymine, Cytosine-Guanine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the collective term for the coiled and supercoiled structures formed by DNA molecules in cells?

<p>Chromatin and chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

  • Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are important molecules that determine an organism's identity and play a crucial role in combating diseases like cancer.
  • Nucleotides, the building blocks of nucleic acids, consist of a monosaccharide, a heterocyclic base (purines or pyrimidines), and a phosphate group.
  • Nucleosides are formed when sugars and bases combine, with names related to the bases (e.g., adenosine, deoxyadenosine).
  • Nucleotides like ATP and cyclic AMP are essential for cellular energy and signaling processes.
  • In DNA, nucleotides are connected by phosphate esters in a specific sequence of bases (GCAT), forming a double helix structure.
  • DNA strands pair up in a complementary manner due to hydrogen bonding between specific bases (A-T, C-G), allowing for an immense number of possible sequences.
  • DNA molecules are stored in cells by coiling around histone proteins and undergoing supercoiling to save space, forming chromosomes and chromatin collectively.

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Test your knowledge on nucleic acids, DNA, nucleotides, and their role in cellular processes. Explore topics like nucleosides, DNA pairing, and chromatin structure.

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