Roles in Group Dynamics
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the strong ties among group members?

  • Peer acceptance
  • Maslow's hierarchy
  • Group solidarity
  • Group cohesion (correct)

    • Observation as a research method is objective.

    False

    According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what do we need to feel a sense of acceptance?

    Love and belonging

    A researcher conducting an observation may either be a __________ participant or a non-participant observer.

    <p>participant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following research methods with their characteristics:

    <p>Quantitative methods = Objective and numerical data Qualitative methods = Subjective and descriptive data Case studies = In-depth examination of a single case Surveys = Self-reported data from a large sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Changing stereotypes in a group can cause conflict and group disharmony.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals, particularly children and adolescents, amend their actions and preferences to match the norms of the groups they belong to?

    <p>To gain peer acceptance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of acknowledging and adapting to differences in values and standards?

    <p>Re-evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In observation as a research method, the observer should be __________ and focus on specific actions.

    <p>organised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Observations can only be conducted in a natural setting.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a positive role in a group?

    <p>Peace-maker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an individual's suggestions are ignored, it will positively impact their wellbeing and self-esteem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an individual's contributions being accepted by a group?

    <p>Enhanced social and emotional wellbeing, increased self-esteem and feelings of self-worth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals with high self-esteem are likely to be more _______________________ and self-assured.

    <p>outgoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following group roles with their characteristics:

    <p>Peace-maker = Diverts attention from the task Distracter = Contributes to group harmony Victim = Pushes the group to make hasty decisions Harmoniser = Facilitates group discussions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-conformity to a group's norms?

    <p>Rejection or isolation from the group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A group with established norms and common values is likely to be highly effective and cohesive.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between self-confidence and self-esteem?

    <p>Close, with self-confidence influencing self-esteem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals with low self-esteem are likely to be more _______________________ and hesitant.

    <p>withdrawn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that contributes to the roles people adopt within groups?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of socioemotional group members?

    <p>Maintaining or building relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a well-balanced group, roles are randomly assigned to members.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of task-oriented group members?

    <p>Completing tasks within a specified time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Group members may take on roles to ensure tasks are achieved, to maintain or build ______, or to influence the group's progress.

    <p>relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a task-oriented role?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a group, an individual can only play one role.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following group member roles with their descriptions.

    <p>Implementer = Concerned with maintaining group cohesion Recorder = Focuses on completing tasks within a specified time Information-seeker = Works at knowing each group member's needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do destructive group members play in a group?

    <p>Influencing the group's progress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the advantages of observation in research?

    <p>Provides direct access to the social phenomena under consideration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A sociogram is used to record individual behavior.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should observers use to record all sessions?

    <p>a 'field book'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Smart phones and tablets are invaluable tools for _______________________ activity.

    <p>recording</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of observation?

    <p>Bias in the recording of events viewed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photographic observation can add validity to findings.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following formats with their purpose in presenting research findings:

    <p>Tables = Presenting data according to key characteristics Graphs = Presenting data in a visual format Flow charts = Displaying step-by-step processes Sociometric models = Displaying interrelationships between individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should notes include when recording observations?

    <p>the date, time of observation, and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor in shaping the role of an individual within a group?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A higher level of education always equates to better decision-making.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of previous experience that can shape an individual's role within a group?

    <p>Working within an efficient and dynamic team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an individual identifies with a group, they feel like they are _________ with others.

    <p>fitting in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors with their influence on an individual's role within a group:

    <p>Education = Shaping decision-making Culture = Influencing norms and values Hereditary = Determining temperament Previous Experience = Shaping interactions with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of an individual experiencing a sense of belonging within a group?

    <p>Higher levels of personal fulfillment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cultural awareness programs are not valuable for group members.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an illness that is determined by genetics?

    <p>Cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The physical appearance of an individual, such as _________, is passed down from one generation to the next via genes.

    <p>hair color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an individual feeling excluded from a group?

    <p>Life has less meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Roles Individuals Adopt Within Groups

    • Group membership offers many advantages, including collective sharing and benefiting from individual strengths and skills.
    • Roles within a group can be designated or emerge as needs arise, and individuals may play multiple roles.
    • Roles are linked to degrees of status and power within the group.

    Types of Roles

    • Task-Oriented Roles: ensure tasks are achieved, e.g., expert, brainstormer, judge, chairperson, secretary, implementer, representative, recorder, procedural technician, initiator, information-seeker.
    • Socioemotional Roles: maintain/build relationships, e.g., peace-maker, encourager, advocate, mediator, negotiator, tension-reliever, social organiser, harmoniser.
    • Destructive Roles: influence the group's progress negatively, e.g., victim, distracter, husher, delayer, interrupter, monopoliser, side-tracker, hair-splitter, browbeater, clown.

    Factors that Contribute to the Roles People Adopt

    • Personal Factors:
      • Self-Esteem: an individual's self-perception, self-value, or self-worth; affects contribution to the group.
      • Self-Confidence: closely related to self-esteem; affects ability to take on challenges.
      • Education: level of academic education, qualifications, and work history shape an individual's role within a group.
      • Previous Experience: life events, past encounters, workplace roles, and interactions shape an individual's behavior and interactions within a group.
      • Sense of Belonging: feeling part of a group, identifying with common values and norms, leading to higher levels of personal fulfillment.
      • Culture: culturally determined behavior within groups may be misunderstood if not discussed within the group.

    Other Factors

    • Heredity: physical appearance, intelligence, personal disposition, and genetic factors can influence an individual's development and role within a group.
    • Social Factors:
      • Relationship with Group Members: strong ties and connection among group members lead to heightened solidarity, trust, and support.
      • Attitudes of Group Members: peer acceptance and rejection impact self-esteem and self-confidence.
      • Gender Expectations: perceptions of masculinity and femininity shape individual behavior and expectations within a group.

    Observation as a Primary Research Method

    • Advantages: provides opportunity to view unscheduled events, allows for richly detailed description, provides direct access to social phenomena, and provides a permanent record.
    • Disadvantages: bias in recording events, gender may restrict access to information, lack of trust in the observer, time-consuming, and the presence of the observer may influence behavior.

    Presenting Research Findings

    • Use of a 'field book' to record sessions and photographic observation with supporting comments adds validity to findings.
    • Data can be presented in tables, graphs, summary items, flow charts, spreadsheets, sociometric models, and articles.

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    Description

    Learn about the different roles individuals adopt within groups, including designated and non-designated roles, and how they contribute to the group's effectiveness.

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