30 Questions
What is the main difference between rocks and minerals?
Rocks have no definite shape, while minerals have a specific structure
What defines a mineral?
A mineral is a naturally occurring substance with unique chemical and physical properties
Why is magma not considered a mineral in its liquid form?
Because magma lacks a crystalline internal structure
How are minerals classified?
By their chemical composition and crystalline structure
Why are diamonds considered minerals and not rocks?
Because diamonds have a unique chemical composition and crystalline structure
What is the distinguishing feature of a mineral's crystalline structure?
It arranges itself in a unique and organized manner
What is an example of the crystalline structure of minerals?
Salt (NaCl)
What is the process for changing sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat & pressure, deformation and recrystallization
Which rock type emerges from volcanoes?
Basalt
What is the defining characteristic of a non-foliated metamorphic rock?
It has no visible layers or banding
How is the number of sides of a crystal structure classified?
By counting the different faces the crystal has
What is the distinguishing feature of hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystalline structure?
A hexagon structure with multiple layers
What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Where they are formed
What is the primary factor used to classify rocks?
How they are formed
Why is a rock not considered a mineral?
Rocks do not always have a definite crystalline structure
What is the main difference between rocks and minerals?
Rocks have no definite shape, while minerals have a specific structure
What defines a mineral according to the text?
Naturally occurring substance with unique chemical and physical properties
Why is magma not considered a mineral?
It is not a solid
How are minerals classified?
By their chemical composition and crystalline structure
What is an example of a mineral's crystalline structure according to the text?
Salt (NaCl)
Why are diamonds considered minerals and not rocks?
They have a definite crystalline structure
What is the defining characteristic of rocks according to the text?
They may contain multiple minerals, but usually have no definite shape
How is the solubility of minerals used to characterize them?
By examining how easily they dissolve in water or other solvents
What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive rocks form from magma that cools below the Earth's surface, while extrusive rocks form from lava that cools on the Earth's surface
What is the process through which sedimentary rocks can transform into metamorphic rocks?
Through heat & pressure, deformation and recrystallization
How are the three main types of crystalline structures classified?
By the number of sides, angles, cleavage, and fracture
What is the main difference between foliated and non-foliated metamorphic rocks?
Foliated rocks have a layered or banded appearance, while non-foliated rocks do not
What is the main difference between cubic close-packed (CCP) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystalline structures?
CCP has a cube structure with multiple layers, while HCP has a hexagon structure with multiple layers
What is the primary characteristic used to differentiate between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Grain texture
How do geologists classify crystal structures?
By the number of sides, angles, cleavage, and fracture
Test your knowledge of the differences between rocks and minerals with this quiz. Identify key characteristics, compositions, and properties of these earth materials.
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