Ro-ràdh do Animal Farm

Introduction to Animal Farm

•  Animal Farm is a satire by George Orwell.
•  It's an allegory, using concrete characters and situations to represent other things.
•  The story is about barnyard animals rebelling against human tyranny.
•  It represents the Russian Revolution and early years of the Soviet Union.
•  Characters represent historical figures (e.g., Napoleon as Stalin; Snowball as Trotsky).
•  The farm represents Russia, and Mr. Jones represents the Tsar.
•  Animalism represents communism.
•  The story depicts the rise of a totalitarian regime.

Outline of the Story

•  Animals revolt after a speech by Old Major.
•  The farm is renamed Animal Farm, and the Seven Commandments are established.
•  Pigs take control, with Napoleon, emerging as the leader.
•  There's a rivalry between Napoleon and Snowball.
•  Snowball is driven off the farm.
•  Napoleon gains full control and establishes a totalitarian regime.
•  The animals work hard to build a windmill.
•  Jones and his men try to reclaim the farm (the Battle of the Cowshed).
•  The animals are exploited, and the Commandments are changed.
•  The pigs adopt human habits and behaviors.
•  The novel ends with the pigs indistinguishable from humans.

Major Characters

•  Mr. Jones: A farmer who represents the Tsar of Russia.
•  Old Major: A pig who inspires the rebellion. Represents Karl Marx or Vladimir Lenin.
•  Napoleon: A pig who becomes a dictator. Represents Stalin.
•  Snowball: A pig, Napoleon's rival, represents Leon Trotsky.
•  Boxer: A strong horse, representing the proletariat.
•  Mollie: A vain horse, representing the privileged elite.
•  Squealer: A pig who manipulates the other animals, representing propaganda.
•  Benjamin: A donkey, representing thoughtful skepticism.
•  Mr. Frederick: A farmer who represents Adolf Hitler.

Themes of Animal Farm

•  Corruption of socialist ideals.
•  The tendency towards class stratification.
•  The abuse of language as an instrument of control.
•  The danger of a naive working class.
•  The tyranny of dictators in power.

Symbolism in Animal Farm

•  The Farm: Represents Russia (or any totalitarian state).
•  The Animals: Represent historical figures and social groups.
•  The Barn: Represents collective memory and the history of the farm.
•  The Windmill: Represents grand plans and projects, that end in failure, or are abused by those in charge.

Important Quotations

•  "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others."
•  "Four legs good, two legs bad."
•  "If you have your lower animals to contend with, we have our lower classes!"

Tha 'Animal Farm' na shàitire le George Orwell a' feuchainn ri innse dhuinn mun àbhachdas agus na freagairtean don bhunait shòisealta. Tha an clàradh seo a' toirt seachad sùil ghoirid air an t-sgeulachd, na caractaran, agus mar a shaoil an neach-foillseachaidh ri còmhstri na Ruis. Thig a-steach gu na freagairtean agus faigh a-mach cho math ‘s a tha thu a' tuigsinn an leabhair seo.