RNR Model in Offender Rehabilitation Programs

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary method of assessing offender risk during the first half of the twentieth century?

  • Evidence-based tools
  • Actuarial risk assessment
  • Clinical assessments
  • Professional judgement (correct)

Which model emphasizes evidence-based science over professional judgement for assessing offender risk?

  • First-generation model
  • Probation model
  • RNR model
  • Second-generation model (correct)

What distinguishes actuarial risk assessment instruments from professional judgement in assessing offender risk?

  • Reliance on scientific evidence (correct)
  • Reliance on subjective opinions
  • Reliance on experience
  • Reliance on intuition

In what decade did the shift towards evidence-based tools for assessing offender risk begin?

<p>1970s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of actuarial risk assessment instruments?

<p>Individual items that increase the risk of reoffending (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group primarily made judgements about enhancing security and supervision based on their professional training and experience?

<p>Correctional staff (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the RNR model in relation to offender rehabilitation programs?

<p>Producing reductions in recidivism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the second generation shift towards using evidence-based tools for assessing offender risk?

<p>To reduce personal biases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended if the offender has limited verbal skills and a concrete thinking style?

<p>Ensure there is more behavioral practice than talking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to provide child care for women offenders attending treatment?

<p>To reduce barriers to attending treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included along with structured cognitive behavioral treatment for Aboriginal offenders?

<p>Elders and spiritual ceremonies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor should be considered during offender assessment?

<p>Responsivity factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the LS/CMI assessment instrument have a separate section on?

<p>Responsivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main flaw in focusing only on differentiating low risk from high-risk offenders?

<p>It ignores the human capacity for change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does second-generation risk scales primarily focus on?

<p>Differentiating low risk from high-risk offenders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it considered short-sighted to focus only on differentiating between low risk and high-risk offenders?

<p>It violates the sense of fairness in treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the possibilities regarding an individual's risk level in third-generation risk assessment instruments?

<p>The risk level increases with new offences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In third-generation risk assessment, what type of items are included in addition to criminal history and past substance abuse?

<p>Items investigating present employment and family relationships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between second and third generation risk assessment instruments?

<p>Third generation instruments incorporate dynamic risk factors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were criminal history items considered important in third-generation risk assessment instruments?

<p>To establish a baseline for assessing risk. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the development of risk assessment instruments according to the text?

<p>First-generation instruments primarily focused on static factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes third-generation risk assessment instruments from earlier generations?

<p>An inclusion of dynamic risk factors alongside static factors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for third-generation risk assessments to include items on present employment and family relationships?

<p>To understand an offender's changing situation and support system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did third-generation risk assessment instruments aim to address that was lacking in second-generation tools?

<p>The dynamic aspects of an individual's situation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific intervention goal for individuals with an antisocial personality pattern?

<p>Teach anger management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk/need factor involves replacing procriminal friends with prosocial friends?

<p>Social supports for crime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common indicator of a lack of involvement in prosocial recreational activities?

<p>Vague feelings of personal distress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk/need factor involves enhancing work/study skills and nurturing interpersonal relationships?

<p>School/work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended goal for individuals with poor feelings of self-esteem and self-worth?

<p>Teach prosocial hobbies and sports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk/need factor involves reducing substance abuse and enhancing alternatives to substance use?

<p>Substance abuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a goal for individuals with inappropriate parental monitoring and disciplining?

<p>Teaching parenting skills (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the theory focuses on deliberate self-regulation and the importance of procriminal attitudes in causing criminal behavior?

<p>Cognitive aspect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the GPCSL theory underscores learning within social contexts like family, school, and work?

<p>Social learning aspect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed within social contexts to provide a comprehensive survey of criminogenic needs and strengths?

<p>Automatic rewards and costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the risk factors linked to criminal behavior, as per the GPCSL perspective?

<p>Central eight factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model is subsumed under the GPCSL perspective, expected to be relevant across a range of offenders?

<p>RNR model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the GPCSL perspective aim to direct services towards, based on an assessment of the 'central eight'?

<p>Risk factors linked to criminal behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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