RNR Model in Offender Rehabilitation Programs
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary method of assessing offender risk during the first half of the twentieth century?

  • Evidence-based tools
  • Actuarial risk assessment
  • Clinical assessments
  • Professional judgement (correct)
  • Which model emphasizes evidence-based science over professional judgement for assessing offender risk?

  • First-generation model
  • Probation model
  • RNR model
  • Second-generation model (correct)
  • What distinguishes actuarial risk assessment instruments from professional judgement in assessing offender risk?

  • Reliance on scientific evidence (correct)
  • Reliance on subjective opinions
  • Reliance on experience
  • Reliance on intuition
  • In what decade did the shift towards evidence-based tools for assessing offender risk begin?

    <p>1970s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of actuarial risk assessment instruments?

    <p>Individual items that increase the risk of reoffending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group primarily made judgements about enhancing security and supervision based on their professional training and experience?

    <p>Correctional staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of the RNR model in relation to offender rehabilitation programs?

    <p>Producing reductions in recidivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the second generation shift towards using evidence-based tools for assessing offender risk?

    <p>To reduce personal biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended if the offender has limited verbal skills and a concrete thinking style?

    <p>Ensure there is more behavioral practice than talking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to provide child care for women offenders attending treatment?

    <p>To reduce barriers to attending treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included along with structured cognitive behavioral treatment for Aboriginal offenders?

    <p>Elders and spiritual ceremonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk factor should be considered during offender assessment?

    <p>Responsivity factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the LS/CMI assessment instrument have a separate section on?

    <p>Responsivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main flaw in focusing only on differentiating low risk from high-risk offenders?

    <p>It ignores the human capacity for change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does second-generation risk scales primarily focus on?

    <p>Differentiating low risk from high-risk offenders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it considered short-sighted to focus only on differentiating between low risk and high-risk offenders?

    <p>It violates the sense of fairness in treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possibilities regarding an individual's risk level in third-generation risk assessment instruments?

    <p>The risk level increases with new offences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In third-generation risk assessment, what type of items are included in addition to criminal history and past substance abuse?

    <p>Items investigating present employment and family relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference between second and third generation risk assessment instruments?

    <p>Third generation instruments incorporate dynamic risk factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were criminal history items considered important in third-generation risk assessment instruments?

    <p>To establish a baseline for assessing risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the development of risk assessment instruments according to the text?

    <p>First-generation instruments primarily focused on static factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes third-generation risk assessment instruments from earlier generations?

    <p>An inclusion of dynamic risk factors alongside static factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for third-generation risk assessments to include items on present employment and family relationships?

    <p>To understand an offender's changing situation and support system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did third-generation risk assessment instruments aim to address that was lacking in second-generation tools?

    <p>The dynamic aspects of an individual's situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a specific intervention goal for individuals with an antisocial personality pattern?

    <p>Teach anger management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk/need factor involves replacing procriminal friends with prosocial friends?

    <p>Social supports for crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indicator of a lack of involvement in prosocial recreational activities?

    <p>Vague feelings of personal distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk/need factor involves enhancing work/study skills and nurturing interpersonal relationships?

    <p>School/work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended goal for individuals with poor feelings of self-esteem and self-worth?

    <p>Teach prosocial hobbies and sports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which risk/need factor involves reducing substance abuse and enhancing alternatives to substance use?

    <p>Substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a goal for individuals with inappropriate parental monitoring and disciplining?

    <p>Teaching parenting skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the theory focuses on deliberate self-regulation and the importance of procriminal attitudes in causing criminal behavior?

    <p>Cognitive aspect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the GPCSL theory underscores learning within social contexts like family, school, and work?

    <p>Social learning aspect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assessed within social contexts to provide a comprehensive survey of criminogenic needs and strengths?

    <p>Automatic rewards and costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the risk factors linked to criminal behavior, as per the GPCSL perspective?

    <p>Central eight factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model is subsumed under the GPCSL perspective, expected to be relevant across a range of offenders?

    <p>RNR model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the GPCSL perspective aim to direct services towards, based on an assessment of the 'central eight'?

    <p>Risk factors linked to criminal behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

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