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RNA Degradation and Silencing Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What initiates RNA silencing (or RNA interference)?

Replication of double-stranded RNA viruses

Transcription of inverted repeats in DNA

Transcription of two different RNA molecules that are complementary to one another and pair

Presence of double-stranded RNA (correct)

Which enzyme cleaves double-stranded RNA to produce small interfering RNAs?

RNA polymerase

Ligase

Helicase

Dicer (correct)

What is the role of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in RNA silencing?

Pair with complementary sequences in DNA

Guide for the methylation of DNA sequences

Attract an RNA–protein complex that cleaves mRNA (correct)

Enhance transcription efficiency

Where do siRNAs serve as guides for methylation?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the stability of mRNA?

Poly(A) tail Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DNA-binding factors in transcription initiation?

Influence the ability of RNA polymerase to initiate transcription Signup and view all the answers

How does RNA polymerase I terminate transcription in eukaryotes?

By recruiting termination factors Signup and view all the answers

Which polymerase does not require a hairpin structure for transcription termination?

RNA polymerase III Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of eukaryotic gene regulation that differs from bacterial cells?

Use of activators for gene expression Signup and view all the answers

How is gene expression influenced by chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells?

Through modulation by histone proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GAL80 in transcriptional regulation?

Binding to GAL4, preventing it from activating transcription Signup and view all the answers

How do repressors in eukaryotic cells differ from repressors in bacteria?

Repressors in eukaryotic cells directly block RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insulators in gene regulation?

Blocking the effect of enhancers in a position-dependent manner Signup and view all the answers

How does alternative splicing impact gene expression?

Allows a pre-mRNA to be spliced in multiple ways, generating different proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which protein plays a role in enhancing the production of mRNA encoding the small t antigen?

Splicing factor 2 (SF2) Signup and view all the answers

How does mRNA stability influence gene expression?

Affects the amount of mRNA available for translation Signup and view all the answers