16 Questions
What initiates RNA silencing (or RNA interference)?
Presence of double-stranded RNA
Which enzyme cleaves double-stranded RNA to produce small interfering RNAs?
Dicer
What is the role of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in RNA silencing?
Attract an RNA–protein complex that cleaves mRNA
Where do siRNAs serve as guides for methylation?
DNA
Which factor affects the stability of mRNA?
Poly(A) tail
What is the role of DNA-binding factors in transcription initiation?
Influence the ability of RNA polymerase to initiate transcription
How does RNA polymerase I terminate transcription in eukaryotes?
By recruiting termination factors
Which polymerase does not require a hairpin structure for transcription termination?
RNA polymerase III
What is a common feature of eukaryotic gene regulation that differs from bacterial cells?
Use of activators for gene expression
How is gene expression influenced by chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells?
Through modulation by histone proteins
What is the role of GAL80 in transcriptional regulation?
Binding to GAL4, preventing it from activating transcription
How do repressors in eukaryotic cells differ from repressors in bacteria?
Repressors in eukaryotic cells directly block RNA polymerase
What is the function of insulators in gene regulation?
Blocking the effect of enhancers in a position-dependent manner
How does alternative splicing impact gene expression?
Allows a pre-mRNA to be spliced in multiple ways, generating different proteins
Which protein plays a role in enhancing the production of mRNA encoding the small t antigen?
Splicing factor 2 (SF2)
How does mRNA stability influence gene expression?
Affects the amount of mRNA available for translation
Test your knowledge on the degradation of cellular RNA by ribonucleases and the factors affecting mRNA stability. Learn about RNA silencing initiated by double-stranded RNA and the role of enzymes like Dicer in the process.
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