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Questions and Answers
What code did Rizal supposedly violate as the principal author of rebellion?
What code did Rizal supposedly violate as the principal author of rebellion?
Rizal was allowed to issue a manifesto disavowing the armed revolt.
Rizal was allowed to issue a manifesto disavowing the armed revolt.
False
Who did Rizal choose as his defense counsel?
Who did Rizal choose as his defense counsel?
Luis de Taviel de Andrade
Rizal's death sentence was pronounced on La Fe de ____
Rizal's death sentence was pronounced on La Fe de ____
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What evidence is presented to show Rizal's involvement in the masonry?
What evidence is presented to show Rizal's involvement in the masonry?
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What was the purpose of Rizal's settlement project in Borneo?
What was the purpose of Rizal's settlement project in Borneo?
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The compass given to Rizal was gifted by Father Sanchez in ______.
The compass given to Rizal was gifted by Father Sanchez in ______.
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The High Council of the Katipunan intended to establish Rizal as the supreme leader.
The High Council of the Katipunan intended to establish Rizal as the supreme leader.
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Match the following individuals with their statements:
Match the following individuals with their statements:
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Study Notes
Trial and Execution of Rizal
- The trial and execution of Jose Rizal were discussed in detail by Miguel Bernard, highlighting the proceedings and pieces of evidence.
- Rizal's case involved:
- Principle author of rebellion (Article 230, Article 229 paragraph I of the Penal Code)
- Illegal Associations (Article 119 paragraph 2 of the same Code)
Defense Counsel
- Rizal chose Luis de Taviel de Andrade as his defense counsel from a list of 106 officers presented to him.
Trial Proceedings
- The trial proceedings were at a deliberate speed.
- Rizal was arrested on board ship on his way to Spain and endorsing the case to a juez instructor named Rafael Dominguez.
- Gov. General Ramon Blanco instructed Dominguez to begin the judicial process "with all possible speed".
- The Auditor General de Guerra, Nicolas de la Peña, gave his final action on December 17.
Injustices in the Trial
- There were several injustices in the trial, including:
- Rizal was not allowed to confront his accusers.
- He was not allowed to choose his defense counsel freely.
- The right to issue a manifesto disavowing the armed revolt was denied.
- The trial was done in haste, with a disregard for substantive justice.
Evidence
- The evidence presented against Rizal included:
- Poems, such as "A kundiman" and "Himno a Talisay"
- Letters, including an unsigned letter to the editor of the Hongkong Telegraph, and letters from Antonio Luna and Marcelo H. Del Pilar
- Material evidence, including a compass, which was irrelevant to the crime of rebellion and illegal association
- Inconclusive evidence, including testimonies of witnesses and official dossiers
Flaws in the Procedure
- The procedure had several flaws, including:
- The witnesses did not make their statements in open court.
- The prosecutor and the defendant were shown extracts of the testimonies of the witnesses, but the judges never saw them.
- Most of the testimonies were hearsay.
Character, Background, and Activities
- The prosecution considered Rizal's character, background, and activities, including his novels and other writings.
Issues
- The issues surrounding Rizal's trial and execution included:
- Rizal as head of the Katipunan
- The Liga Filipina as a subversive organization
- Pio Valenzuela's visit to Dapitan
- The plan to escape from Dapitan
- Rizal's Borneo project
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Description
This quiz explores the trial and execution of Jose Rizal, a national hero in the Philippines, including the events leading up to his death and the people involved.
