Rizal's Life: Calamba Eviction & Travels

Calamba Eviction

• The Rizal family, along with other Calamba tenants, were evicted from their homes by the Dominicans.
• The Dominicans owned the majority of the Calamba hacienda, which had previously belonged to the Jesuits.
• The Dominicans were accused of corruption and financial deceit, including paying low taxes on their land despite expanding their ownership.
• Rizal, his family, and other tenants were subject to unjust taxes and rent increases regardless of economic hardship or harvest conditions.

Rizal's Second Travel Abroad

• Rizal left the Philippines in 1888 for the second time due to pressure from powerful enemies.
• He traveled to Hong Kong and Macau, finding a cleaner and more diverse environment compared to the Philippines.
• Rizal met Filipino exiles in Hong Kong, including former financiers who had fallen on hard times after the 1872 rebellion.
• Rizal's movements in Hong Kong were shadowed by José Sainz de Varanda, a Spaniard suspected of being a Spanish spy.

The Kidlat Club

• The Kidlat Club, founded in March 1889, was a temporary group of Filipino artists and intellectuals in Europe.
• The club's purpose was to enjoy their time during the exposition and celebrate their Filipino heritage.
• The club's name was later changed to Indios Bravos, emphasizing pride in their Filipino identity.

Rizal's Activities in Brussels

• While living in Brussels, Rizal continued writing El Filibusterismo and articles for La Solidaridad.
• Rizal advocated for the Filipinization of the Spanish letters "c" and "o" to use "K" and "W" instead.
• Rizal addressed the issue of gambling amongst Filipino students in Madrid, urging them to focus on their Fatherland's freedom.
• Rizal faced criticism from some Filipinos for his moralizing stance on gambling, leading to nicknames like "Papa."

Rizal's Romance with Petite Jacoby

• Rizal developed a romantic relationship with Petite Jacoby, the niece of his landladies in Brussels.
• Despite his loneliness and longing for Leonor Rivera, he found solace in Petite's company.
• Petite fell in love with Rizal and was heartbroken when he left for Madrid.

Rizal's Articles in La Solidaridad

• Rizal published several articles in La Solidaridad, a pro-Filipino reformist newspaper:
  • La Defensa
  • La Verdad Para Todos
  • Vicente Barrantes
  • Profanacion
  • Verdades
  • Nuevas
  • Crueldad
  • Diferencias
  • Inconsequencias
  • Llanto y Risas
  • Ingratitudes

Rizal's Travels in Spain

• Rizal visited friends in different towns in Spain, including Malolos, San Fernando, Tarlac, and Bacolor.
• His travels were monitored by Spanish spies, who raided the houses he visited and seized copies of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

Founding of the La Liga Filipina

• Rizal founded the La Liga Filipina, a civic organization promoting Filipino socio-economic betterment, in July 1892.
• The organization was established during a meeting at the home of Doroteo Ongjunco in Tondo, Manila.
• The Liga Filipina aimed to address issues of poverty, inequality, and lack of education within the Philippines.

Rizal's Exile in Dapitan

• Rizal was deported to Dapitan in July 1892, after founding the La Liga Filipina, which alarmed Spanish authorities.
• He spent four years in exile in Dapitan, where he engaged in activities like farming, teaching, and studying.
• Despite his exile, Rizal continued his efforts to raise awareness of the plight of the Filipinos.

Rizal's Prosecution and Exile in Dapitan

• Rizal's return to Manila in 1892 caused a stir among Filipinos and heightened Spanish fears.
• Spanish authorities closely monitored Rizal's activities and suspected Filipinos associated with him.
• The establishment of the La Liga Filipina led to his exile in Dapitan.

This quiz explores significant events in the life of José Rizal, focusing on the Calamba eviction of the Rizal family and his second travel abroad in 1888. It highlights the social injustices faced by tenant farmers and Rizal's experiences in Hong Kong and Macau. Test your knowledge of these important historical moments!