Rizal Law and Life of Rizal

• The learning module covers the life and works of Rizal.
• The lessons include the Rizal Law, Rizal's biographical sketch and academic background, his life abroad, and his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

Republic Act 1425 or Rizal Law

• Senator Claro M. Recto is known as the main proponent of the Rizal Bill.
• The Catholic Church opposed the Rizal Bill, claiming it violates freedom of conscience and religion.
• The CBCP argued that the bill violates the 1939 Canon Law, which prohibits books attacking Catholic doctrine.
• In Noli Me Tangere, 25 of 333 pages are nationalistic, and 120 are anti-Catholic.
• Groups against the Rizal Bill included the Catholic Action of the Philippines, the Congregation of the Mission, the Knights of Columbus, and the Catholic Teachers Guild.
• Groups in support of the Rizal Bill included Veteranos de la Revolucion (Spirit of 1896), Alagad in Rizal, the Freemasons, and the Knights of Rizal.
• A bill co-written by José P. Laurel and Recto was sponsored by the Senate Committee on Education, but it faced opposition from Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mariano Jesús Cuenco, and Decoroso Rosales.
• Catholic schools threatened to close if the bill passed, but Recto said if they closed, they would be nationalized.
• On May 12, 1956, a compromise was introduced by Committee on Education chairman Laurel and was unanimously accepted.
• Studying RA 1425 is important to rededicate the youth to ideals of freedom and nationalism, pay tribute to Rizal, and gain patriotism through his life and works.
• William Howard Taft proposed Rizal be the National Hero in 1901.
• Rizal was already dead when the Americans colonized the Philippines.
• Rizal did not write negative or embarrassing remarks or anti-American quotations.
• José Rizal's martyrdom was a symbol of Spanish oppression.
• He advocated for reform through publicity.

Doctrines and Beliefs

• Core tenets include the worth and dignity of the individual, the inviolability of human rights, equality among all, constitutional government, and due process.
• Popular sovereignty, faith in reason, mass education, and social progress are also affirmed.

Rizal's Early Years

• José Rizal was born on Wednesday, June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna.
• His mother's vow to the Virgin of Antipolo is said to have ensured her safe delivery.
• Rizal was baptized when he was 3 days old at a Catholic Church in Calamba by Rev. Rufino Collantes.
• Rev. Collantes, who was a close family friend and his godfather.
• Rev. Collantes noted the baby had a big head and would become a great person.

Family History

• The Rizals were considered one of the biggest families of their time.
• Domingo Lam-co, Rizal's paternal ascendant, was a Chinese immigrant from Amoy who married Ines de la Rosa, who was half Chinese.
• The Mercado-Rizal family also had traces of Japanese, Spanish, Malay, and Negrito blood.
• José Rizal had nine sisters and one brother, and his parents were Francisco Mercado II and Teodora Alonso Realonda.

Rizal Siblings

• Saturnina Rizal (1850-1913): Eldest child, married to Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo.
• Paciano Rizal (1851-1930): Second child and only brother, studied at San Jose College, became a farmer and general in the Philippine Revolution.
• Narcisa Rizal (1852-1939): Third child, married to Antonio Lopez.
• Olympia Rizal (1855-1887): Fourth child, married Silvestre Ubaldo, died from childbirth.
• Lucia Rizal (1857-1919): Fifth child, married Mariano Herbosa.
• Maria Rizal (1859-1945): Sixth child, married Daniel Faustino Cruz.
• Concepcion Rizal (1862-1865): Eight child, died at age three.
• Josefa Rizal (1865-1945): Ninth child, an epileptic who died a spinster.
• Trinidad Rizal (1868-1951): Tenth child, died a spinster.
• Soledad Rizal (1870-1929): Youngest child, married Pantaleon Quintero.

Childhood Memories

• Rizal's life was filled with joy and contentment during his childhood in Calamba
• His home environment was ideal for artists and poets, allowing him to become the "cradle of a genius".
• The Mercado family lived a simple, happy life.
• Mang Kikoy and Aling Lolay raised their children with respect for elders, teaching them to address elder sisters as "Senora" and brothers as "Senor".
• José grew up in a two-story stone house.
• The first floor housed his mother's store and a "Camarin" for rice and sugar.
• The second floor, made of concrete and wood, contained the living room, bedrooms, kitchen, bathroom, and toilet facilities.
• José enjoyed "Carne Asada" or beef steak with delicious sauce and "champorado."
• The house included a private library with over 1000 books and a grand veranda called "azotea" where the children watched passersby and listened to stories from their mother or "aya".

Calamba

• Calamba, located in Laguna, is a rich agricultural region on Luzon.
• Enclosed between Laguna de Bay and Mt. Makiling.
• Dominican friars owned Calamba, where Filipinos rented land and paid excessive taxes.
• This system was known as "encomienda."
• Rizal captured his town's impression in the poem "Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo” (In Memory Of my Town).
• Rizal had exceptional talent and was given encouragement by his family.
• Uncle Jose Alberto, helped developed innate gift of arts.
• Uncle Gregorio, lectured the child on the success and learns 20 languages.
• Uncle Manuel, encouraged him in athletics, martial arts and physical exercises.

Early Education

• Rizal's mother was his first teacher & learned alphabet and prayers at 3.
• Mother taught him to read and say prayers
• Mother told him tale of the Parable of the Moth, which encouraged to write poems.
• Wrote first poem at eight, that symbolizes love for national language.
• Parents employed private tutors, Maestro Celestino and Maestro Lucas Padua, Leon Monroy.
• Sent to a school for boys in Biñan, where his uncle Jose Alberto was residing.
• Señor Justiniano Aquino Cruz-strict practitioner not only into the eye and ear, but also the palm.
• Admitted "he used to win in the competitions".
• Despite of reputational "good boy", rare were the days when the teacher did five or six blows on the hand.
• Returned home after a few months.
• Left Biñan for Christmas 1871.
• Mother charge for conspiring with brother, Alberto, to kill his wife who has separated from him.

Precedents Event to the Ignatian Life

• Paciano, Rizal's brother was studying at Colegio de San Jose under tutelage of Fr. Jose Burgos
• Cavite mutiny took place on January 20,1872 led by Sergeant La Madrid.
• GOMBURZA Execution February 17, 1872
• Arrest of his mother
• Rizal took and passed the entrance test in Letran
• Rizal matriculated in Ateneo on June 10, 1872.

Timeline of Rizal's Education

• Biñan: 1869-1871; age 9
• Ateneo: 1872-1877; age 16
• Sta. Isabel College: 1873-1874; Spanish Private Lesson
• UST: 1877-1878; age 17; Philosophy and Letters
• UST: 1878-1882; age 21; Medicine
• University Central de Madrid: 1882; age 21; Philosophy and Letters
• University Central de Madrid: 1882-1884; age 23 Opthalmology
• Paris: 1885; age 24; Eye Specialization
• University of Eye Hospital: 1886; age 25; Eye Specialization
• University of Leipzig: 1886; age 25; Lecture on History and Psychology
• University of Heidelberg: 1887; age 26; Completed Eye Specialization
• University of Paris: 1887; age 26; Attended Classes

Studies in Biñan

• Paciano brought Rizal to Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
• Clash with bully, Pedro, and arm-wrestling match with Andes Saladanan
• Hours at Juancho's studio transcended every Biñan boy in Spanish, Latin and other subjects
• Stay in Binan was a remarkable one excelled in all, it was not surprising that some of his older classmates became jealous of him
• Stayed for one and a half years, his teacher wrote a letter to his parents
• It said that Jose has learned everything and he needs to go to college in Manila.

Ateneo de Manila (1872 – 1877)

• Four months after the execution of the three martyr priest, and Donya Teodora still in prison
• Rizal sent off to Manila to pursue his study under the Spanish Jesuits, Ateneo de Manila.
• Formerly called Escuela Pia, a school established for poor boys in 1817
• Took entrance examination on June 10, 1872 and used "Rizal” instead of Mercado
• Boarded in Caraballo street outside of Intramuros with Aling Titay as her landlady.
• Promotes physical culture, humanities, and scientific studies
• Vocational courses on agriculture, commerce, mechanics and surveying
• Religiously operate; mass every morning, classes/subjects open & close with prayer
• Students were divided into: Roman Empire - Internos and Carthaginian Empire – Externos
• First day of class in Ateneo was June, 1872.
• Fr. Jose Bech was Rizal's first professor.
• He was an externo and was assigned to Carthaginians.
• He became "emperor" and brightness pupil in whole class at end of the month
• Took private lessons in Santa Isabel College and paid three pesos for extra Spanish lessons
• Placed seconds at the end of the year, grades were marked "Excellent"

Second Year in Ateneo (1873 – 1874)

• Repented having neglected studies the previous year because offended by teacher's remarks.
• He studied harder, and once more he became an "emperor" after losing his class leadership
• Had 3 classmates from Binan who had also been his classmates in the school of Maestro Justinlano
• At the end of the school year, he received excellent grades in all subjects and a gold medal inside the Intramuros
• Spent time reading different interesting books and magazines such as “The Count of Monte Cristo", Univeral History and Travels to the Philippines

3rd Year in Ateneo (1874–1875)

• Shortly after the opening of classes, his mother was released from prison.
• In previous years, Rizal did not make an excellent showing in his studies
• Failed to win the medal in Spanish because his spoken was not fluently sonorous
• Returned to Calamba for summer vacation March, 1875

4th Year in Ateneo (1875–1876)

• Became an interno in Ateneo with Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez who inspired him.
  • Sanchez's inspiration includes "model of uprightness, earnestness and love".
• Rizal won five medals June 16, 1875
• Last year in Ateneo, he is truly the “Pride of the Jesuits” with highest honours.

Extra-Curricular Activities in Ateneo

• An "emperor" inside the classroom and campus leader outside
• Sculptural Works in Ateneo
• Carved an image of The Virgin Mary on a piece of "batikuling"
• Father Lleonart requested him to carve an image of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
• The image was placed on the door of the dormitory

Rizal's scholastic records

• Graduated with Highest Honors; Arithmetic, Latin I, Spanish I, Greek I from 1872-1873
• History of Spain and the Philippines, Arithmetic and Algebra from 1873-1874
• Rhetoric, French I, Geometry, Trigonometry from 1874-1876
• Philosophy I, Mineralogy & Chemistry, Philosophy II & Physics, Botany & Zoology from 1876-1877
• Land Surveying and Assessment- March 14, 1877, with honours and sobresaliente
• Took and passed a licensure exam in 1878 but was not given a license until 1881
• Enrolled for a degree in Philosophy, Took medicine and specialized in ophthalmologist
• 16 years old, experienced first romance known as Segunda Katigbak.
• A pretty 14 years old Batanguena from Lipa, who was sister of his friend Mariano Katigbak
• His sister Olimpia was a close friend of Segunda in La Concordia College
• The love story did not flourish since Segunda was already engaged to Manuel Luz later got married.

STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF STO. TOMAS (1877-1882)

• Disapproval of mother, father wanted him to pursue higher education.
• Took up a vocational course leading to title of "perito agrimensor” with grade of “Excellent” but was not given title as he was only 17 years old then.
• He finally decided to take up medicine w intention and desire to cure Doña Teodora's failing eyesight.
• Spanish brutality happens on one summer vacation, Hit by guardia civil after not noticing it.
• Continued study at UST, later has graduated with high scholastic records.
• He did several artistic works during his stay.
• "1879 A La Juventud Filipina": Rizal's masterpiece in Literary contest held in LIceo Artistico Literario of Manila.
• "El Consejo De Los Dioses": By Liceo to commemorate the death of Miguel Cervantes
• Won first prize, awarded to another author was conferred, since he knew author was a Filipino to give the first prize to a fellow Spanish.

Other Works

• "Abd-el-Azis Y Mahoma," poem composed for Manuel Fernandez
• "Junta Al Pasig," drama played by Ateneans
• "A Filipinas," sonnet to praise the beauty of the Philippines
• Al M.R.P.Pablo Ramon Recto del Ateneo, en Sus Dias poem he wrote for Fr. Ramon Recto

Rizal's Secret Mission

• To observe keenly: culture, languages and commerce, government, laws of the European Nations in order to prepare himself for liberating people from Spanish tyranny
• Used name Jose Mercado- Rizal, a cousin from Biñan:

First Voyage

• May 3, 1882-Riza departed on board steamer Salvador to Singapore
• Donato Lecha- ship captain from Spain, described him as affable man
• Salvadora docked at Singapore and Two days at sightseeing soiree of the city
• May 9May 11,1882Singapore transferred to another ship Djemnah a French streamer Europe
• May 17, 1882- Djemnah reached Point Galle in southern Ceylon and Colombo, city more beautiful
• Aden city hotter and amused to see the camels City of Suez- the Red Sea terminal- inaugurated on Nov17,1869.
• Port Said- the Mediterranean terminal

Naples and Marseilles

• Rizal reached Naples which please in business activity, lively people and its panoramic beauty
• The streamer to Marseilles and visited Chateau d'lf- Count of Monte Cristo imprisoned.

Spain

• Rizal arrived to Barelona, article published “Amor Patrio”. First at Universidad De Madrid.
• Medical Clinic, Surgical Clinic, legal medicine, and obstetrical clinic.
• Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando and lessons in French, German and English
• Joined Masonic Lodge and Freemasonry's aid in his aim to fight against the friars.

Paris, France

• Awarded the Diploma as a Master Mason by Le Grand Orient de France
• Visited the Laennec and Lariboisiere hospital where Felix Pardo de Tavera was an extern.
• Enrolled at the Universidad de Madrid for the second course in medicine
• Se. Vicente Barrantes imprisoned the 14 wealthy
• First prize in Greek contest after which he delivered a speech in honor of the two Filipino painters
• Wrote the poem "A Las Flores de Heidelberg"

Important Things to Remember in Postdam

• Companion: Dr. Maximo Viola May 11, 1887 and Srping Season
• Luggage includes letters from his family and friends
• Regional Floral Exposition and Dr. Adolph B. Meyer
• Advised them to wire Blumentritt

Leimeritz, Bohemia

• Arrived on May 13, 1887 and kindness with Austrian.
• Stayed from May 13 to May 16, 1887.

Prague

• Carried letters recommendation from Dr. Willkomm
• Visited the tomb of Copernicus, Museum of Natural History and cave of Saint Juan

Vienna

• Religious images, haunting waltzes, majestic charm and Viola to see blowout
• Parted waves Turin, Milan Venice, Florence

First Homecoming

• Rizal arrived in Manila August 5, 1887.
• August 18, 1887, Bishop advised university of Santo Thomas to issued a information about the novel Tangere.
• Made a pencil drawing of a sailboat sailing on Laguna de Bay
• He saw with Lieutenant of the Civil Guards to protect him.

Noli Me Tangere

• First novel, Rizal was 26 and contributed to national Identity
• The book indirectly influenced a revolution and advocated for direct representation to the Spanish government, written in Spanish
• Novel became controversial and summoned to Palace told him of the charges book was subversive.

Noli Me Tangere Novel

• It is the first novel written and published in Germany.
• "Touch Me Not" in English, and consist of 63 chapters and epilogue, Rizal dedicated his Noli Me Tangere to the Philippines “recorded in the history of human sufferings”.
• The title of Noli Me Tangere Rizal letter to Ferdinand obtained the bible
• John 2.17 where jesus don't touch me translates Noli Me.
• Manuscript when Viola agree in the telegraph on lent money
• 1887, the first edition given manuscript plum to Viola
• original plus plume he to give plus devotion.

Noli Me Tangere Meaning

• In order of appearance:
  • The cross represents sufferings.
  • Pomelo blossoms and laurel leaves are for honor and fidelity
  • The silhouette of a Filipina is Maria Clara, an actor in the book
  • Burning torch is for rage and passion.
  • Sunflowers is enlightenment.
  • Bamboo Stalks is resilience.
  • Man with hairy feet, priests using religion a dirty way.
  • Chains represents slavery.
  • Whips represent cruelties.
  • The helmet of the Guardia Civil is self-explanatory.

Noli Me Tangere Characters

• Maria Clara, sweetheart, the illegitimate daughter of Father
• Elia’s, Ibarra wants the country, I grandfather the fugitive.
• Also know known Damaso Verdolagas, biological father.
• A Filibuster, the nephew of Don Tiburcio
• General, a secular and officials, and a friend of Ibarra
• Captian Pablo
• Tarcilo and Bruno
• Sisa mother of Basilio
• Basilio
• Crispin the youngest
• Padre Sabyla
• Also known Don Santiago lives in, a secret known
• known of a pessimist, mad.

Rizal's Second Trip Abroad

• February 3, 1888, he arrived in Hong Kong
• Welcomed by : Jose Basa, Balbino Mauricio and Manuel Yriarte
• Visited by Juan who invited to live the Spanish. accepted this economized with authorities.

America & London

• He went to San, He discriminated and improve English.
• Rizal chose London, as hometown: 1 persecution signed Anti-Friar families 2 attacks in-law bohol 3 The solidarity solidarity.
• Farmers of published
• The women

El Filibusterismo

• Is the second novel reign and Dr. Jose its sequel"
• "The Reign of Greed' 38 dedicated three martyred

El Filibusterismo Title & Printing

Rizal with "Filibustero" which is know I hear.

Printing Press

• Rizal 3 years for Hel some work Brussels.
• The distracted finishing March for Valentin loaned Basa, by donoted.
• He completed Valentine Ventura.

El Filibusterismo Characters

• Crisostomo now and Indian avenge reformer
• now as doctor and medicine tales
• Juli Father priest
• Ibernne students
• Macaraig wealth
• cabensang telesfo.

Exile in Dapitan

• He reached a remote town in Mindanao under the missionary jurisdiction of the Jesuits July 31, 1896
• Became the solitary witness Stay in the town was more than a life in exile Because he did not agree with the conditions of Fr. Pablo Pastells a superior of Jesuit Priests The Rizal must retract his errors concerning religion must perform the church rites to be exemplary

The Doctor is "In"

• Rizal free medicine to patients. wealthy, to see skills tested cause infection
• With friend Fr. Sanchez he remake plaza and lamps
• Farmers tried Ramon big fish Pukutan
• Retero Oct 22 made comaparisons in Bisayan and Malayan.

Scientific Works

• Calamba lighter Sent 6000 wood.
• Researches studied studied Bisayan study tree Sixteen did Spanish history .

Inventions & A Talk in the Garden

• Bracken.
• July he B, treat appreciate returned each
• Advice from seeking at together from objected. a