28 Questions
What is the first step in conducting risk assessment?
Identify hazards
How should one evaluate the risks in risk assessment?
By identifying who might be harmed and assessing likelihood and severity of harm
What should be done if control measures are not in place for identified risks?
Work shouldn't start or continue until those risks have been controlled
What is a hazard in the context of risk assessment?
Something with the potential to cause harm
What should be considered when evaluating risks in risk assessment?
The likelihood and possible severity of harm occurring
Who should be considered when evaluating risks in risk assessment?
Workers carrying out the activity, visitors, or even members of the public if working on or adjacent to public areas
What is the purpose of identifying hazards in risk assessment?
To identify anything with potential to cause harm
How many hazards need to be identified in risk assessment?
Any significant hazards that could result in harm to people
What determines the priority for controlling a risk in risk assessment?
The higher the risk, the more of a priority controlling that risk should be
When should work start or continue in relation to identified risks without control measures?
Work shouldn't start or continue until those risks have been controlled
What are the two main factors considered in a risk matrix?
Consequence/severity and likelihood of injury
How many categories are consequences grouped into in a risk assessment?
Four
What does ALARP stand for in the context of risk assessment?
As Low As Reasonably Practicable
What is the objective of carrying out a risk assessment?
Identify hazards, assess the risk, understand the likelihood, implement control measures, and manage the risk
'Correction' in the context of incidents refers to:
Putting the situation right after an incident has occurred
What are sources of information for a risk assessment?
Internal records and external sources
What is a key factor to consider when planning workplace inspections?
Competent inspection staff
What is the objective of incident investigation within OHS management system?
Identifying root cause of incidents and suggesting control measures
What are some prerequisites for incident investigation?
Incident site preservation and first aid provisions
What should be included in an effective investigation report?
Date, time, location of incident, details of injuries or damages, description of incident, relevant documents
What is Heinrich's Domino Theory primarily concerned with?
Identifying the factor preceding the accident
According to Heinrich's Domino Theory, personal and mechanical hazards exist through the fault of:
Careless persons or poorly designed equipment
What is the '5 why' approach primarily used for in incident investigation?
Identifying the root cause of an incident
In the system theory of accident causation, what does 'agency' refer to?
Machine
'Heinrich’s Dominos – the Process' states that an accident occurs only as a result of:
A personal or mechanical hazard
'Multi Causal Theory' primarily emphasizes on:
Identifying multiple causes contributing to an incident
What is one of the 'Three Es' in Heinrich’s Domino Theory – Corrective Action Sequence?
Engineering
What is a key factor for preventing incidents according to Heinrich's Domino Theory?
The point of attack should be incidents, not accidents.
Study Notes
- A risk matrix is used during a risk assessment to measure the level of risk by considering the consequence/severity and likelihood of injury to a worker after being exposed to a hazard.
- The risk matrix helps determine the overall risk rating of the hazard by answering two questions: Consequences and Likelihood.
- Consequences can be grouped into four categories: Fatality, Major or serious injury, Minor injury, and Negligible injuries.
- The likelihood of a hazard causing worker injury can be grouped into four categories: Very likely, Likely, Unlikely, and Highly unlikely.
- Risk assessment reasons for review include residual risk, ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable), reasonably practicable, social political and cultural influences, OH&S risk assessment, strategic direction of the organization, and factors that influence risk tolerability or acceptability.
- The objectives of carrying out a risk assessment are to identify hazards, assess the risk, understand the likelihood, implement control measures, and manage the risk.
- Correction refers to putting the situation right after an incident has occurred, while corrective action is a long-term solution to prevent a recurrence of the issue. Preventive action is a proactive measure to prevent an incident before it happens.
- Sources of information for a risk assessment include internal records such as incident reports, hazard identification records, risk assessments, and safety training records, and external sources such as material safety data sheets, machine maintenance instructions, and regulatory body websites.
- Workplace inspections are crucial for identifying hazards, assessing risks, and implementing control measures. Factors to consider when planning inspections include the frequency, type, competent inspection staff, resources, inspection criteria, responsibilities and authorities, and performance indicators.
- Incident investigation is an important part of the OHS management system, with the objective of identifying the root cause of the incident, suggesting control measures, and improving safety culture.
- Incident investigation can influence safety culture by providing an opportunity to learn from incidents, improving communications, and fostering a proactive approach to safety.
- Incident investigation prerequisites include deciding who will carry out the investigation, the responsibilities for carrying out the investigation, incident site preservation, first aid and medical treatment, witness volunteers or not, and the facts and data reliability.
- Good interviewing principles from witnesses include building a rapport, relevant questions only, elaborating and explaining, remembering the incident perspective only, open-ended questions, patience, and human psychology.
- The contents of an effective investigation report include the date, time, and location of the incident, details of any injuries, ill health, or damages, a description of the incident, relevant documents, and identification of the situations and practices which resulted in the incident.
Test your knowledge of risk assessment, incident investigation, and root cause analysis in occupational health and safety management systems.
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