Questions and Answers
What is the primary agent responsible for scabies infestation?
MRSA infections are not considered a serious concern in skin infections.
False
What is a common disorder caused by fungal agents known as dermatophytoses?
Tinea corporis
The mite that causes scabies burrows into the ______ and deposits eggs.
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Which of the following treatments is NOT typically recommended for skin infections caused by fungi?
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Match the following skin infections with their correct transmission methods:
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Topical or systemic antibiotics are effective treatments for all types of skin infections.
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Name a preventive measure against the spread of herpes simplex virus.
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What is the primary treatment for Pediculosis Capitis?
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Bedbugs can be transmitted through contact with infested mattresses.
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Name one clinical manifestation of Pediculosis Capitis.
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The scientific name for bedbugs is ______.
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Match the conditions with their respective treatments:
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What supportive care is recommended for managing pruritus due to skin infestations?
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Permethrin 5% cream is recommended for use in treating bedbug infestations.
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How long should linens and clothing be treated with high heat to manage infestations?
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What is the primary agent responsible for Lyme Disease?
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Rickettsial infections are transmitted to humans via infected ticks and fleas.
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What is a common clinical manifestation during stage 1 of Lyme Disease?
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The recommended antibiotic for children over 8 years with Lyme Disease is ___ .
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Match the following stages of Lyme Disease with their associated symptoms:
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Which nursing intervention is NOT appropriate for an infant with a persistent cough?
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Lyme Disease can be diagnosed through serologic testing.
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Name one preventive measure for Lyme Disease.
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Study Notes
Rickettsial Infection
- Transmitted via arthropods like ticks, fleas, and mites.
- More common in temperate and tropical climates.
- Bites can occur unnoticed by caregivers.
- Illness severity ranges from self-limiting to fatal.
Lyme Disease
- Caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
- Transmission occurs through infected deer tick bites.
- Diagnosis involves history taking and serologic testing.
- Treatment options:
- Doxycycline for patients over 8 years old.
- Amoxicillin for those under 8.
- Clinical manifestations include three stages:
- Stage 1: Erythema migrans ("Bull's Eye") along with fever, headache, and malaise.
- Stage 2: Rash on hands and feet within 3 to 10 weeks, including symptoms like fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, and cough.
- Stage 3: Systemic involvement, which can occur 2 to 12 months after the initial infection.
- Nursing implications include prevention strategies like proper tick removal and use of insect repellent, alongside supportive care and ensuring completion of antibiotics.
Skin Infections – Bacterial
- Key agents include Staphylococci and Streptococci.
- MRSA infections are increasingly common.
- Disorders include:
- Impetigo (most common).
- Folliculitis.
- Cellulitis.
- Scalded skin syndrome.
- Symptoms arise from bacterial invasion and toxicity.
- Treatment involves topical or systemic antibiotics, good hand hygiene, dilute bleach baths, and sometimes hospitalization.
Skin Infections – Viral
- Common viral agents include various viruses that can affect skin and oropharyngeal mucosa.
- Disorders such as warts (verruca), herpes simplex (types I and II), varicella (chickenpox), and molluscum.
- Transmission occurs through direct contact with droplets.
- Antiviral medications are used for herpes simplex; hygiene practices help prevent spread.
Skin Infections – Fungal
- Fungal agents like dermatophytes (tinea) and yeast (candidiasis) cause infections.
- Common disorders include:
- Tinea capitis (scalp).
- Tinea corporis (body/nails).
- Tinea cruris (groin).
- Tinea pedis (feet).
- Thrush (oral) and vaginal candidiasis.
- Diagnosis entails microscopic examination.
- Treatment includes topical or systemic antifungals.
Skin Infestations – Scabies
- Infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei.
- Transmits through prolonged close contact; mites burrow into the skin.
- Symptoms include intense itching, excoriation, and visible burrows.
- Treatment consists of permethrin 5% cream for older children along with hygiene measures for linens and clothing.
Skin Infestations – Pediculosis Capitis (Lice)
- Infestation by lice; spread occurs through close contact.
- Symptoms involve intense itching, particularly behind the ears and at the nape, with nits found on hair shafts.
- Treatment with topical pediculicides like permethrin 1%, requiring repeat application in one week and family treatment.
Skin Infestations – Bedbugs
- Caused by Cimex lectularius; transmitted by contact with infested bedding.
- Symptoms include intense itching, inflammation, and potential for secondary infections.
- Treatment focuses on bedbug eradication, topical steroids for inflammation, and supportive care for itching.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of rickettsial infections, including transmission via arthropods such as ticks and fleas. It also focuses on Lyme disease, discussing its causative agent, diagnosis, and treatment. Perfect for understanding these vector-borne diseases and their impact on health.
