Rib and Vertebral Anatomy Quiz
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Rib and Vertebral Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What type of joint are the facet joints classified as?

  • Secondary cartilaginous joint
  • Synovial plane joint (correct)
  • Ball-and-socket joint
  • Fibrous joint

    • Which arteries provide blood supply to the facet joints?

  • Anterior intercostal arteries
  • Supreme intercostal and posterior intercostal arteries 1-10 (correct)
  • Lumbar arteries
  • Vertebral artery

    • What movement is restricted by the orientation of the facet joints in the thoracic region?

  • Lateral flexion
  • Circumduction
  • Rotation
  • Flexion and extension (correct)

    • What type of joint are intervertebral discs classified as?

    <p>Secondary cartilaginous joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are associated with both the facet joints and the intervertebral discs?

    <p>Ligamenta flava and interspinous ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action occurs at the atlantooccipital joint when the superior fibers contract bilaterally?

    <p>Extension of head and neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint action is associated with the descending part of the muscle's function?

    <p>Elevation of clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main blood supply for the ascending part of the muscle?

    <p>Dorsal scapular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint is stabilized by the scapulothoracic joint's actions?

    <p>Scapulothoracic joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the inferior fibers of the muscle?

    <p>Depress scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of movement does the transverse part of the muscle facilitate?

    <p>Medial rotation of scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During ipsilateral flexion, which joint is primarily involved?

    <p>Atlantooccipital joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery does NOT supply the descending part of the muscle?

    <p>Radial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerves provide motor control to the diaphragm?

    <p>C3, C4, and C5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

    <p>To filter and return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the lymphatic system drains the posterior chest wall?

    <p>Axillary lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily triggers the natural recoil of the lungs during breathing?

    <p>Relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymphatic trunk drains the viscera?

    <p>Bronchomediastinal trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the slowly adapting receptors primarily involved in the sensation of dyspnea located?

    <p>Vagal pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thoracic duct is primarily responsible for draining which of the following?

    <p>Lower limb lymphatics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures provide sensory input that triggers the respiratory center?

    <p>Afferent nerve endings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innervation of the quadratus lumborum?

    <p>Subcostal nerve (T12) and anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is NOT listed as a blood supply for the serratus anterior?

    <p>Lumbar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the serratus anterior muscle?

    <p>Suspension of the scapula on the thoracic wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the superior part of the quadratus lumborum?

    <p>Ribs 1-2 and intercostal fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions does the quadratus lumborum perform unilaterally?

    <p>Lateral flexion of the trunk to the ipsilateral side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the serratus anterior insert upon?

    <p>Anterior surface of the scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mnemonic is associated with the serratus anterior's innervation?

    <p>'SALT' for serratus anterior - long thoracic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary blood supply for the quadratus lumborum?

    <p>Iliolumbar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the iliocostalis muscle during bilateral contraction?

    <p>Extension of spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an origin point of the iliocostalis lumborum?

    <p>Inferior borders of ribs 10-12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve primarily innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle?

    <p>Thoracodorsal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During unilateral contraction, which action is performed by the transversus abdominis muscle?

    <p>Trunk rotation (ipsilateral)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the external oblique muscle's action is correct?

    <p>Enables trunk lateral flexion contralaterally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary blood supply does the iliocostalis thoracis receive?

    <p>Dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the innervation of the internal abdominal oblique muscle?

    <p>Intercostal nerves (T7-T11) and L1 nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do mechanoreceptors in the chest wall have on respiratory sensation?

    <p>They influence sensation of dyspnoea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The insertion of the external abdominal oblique muscle is found at which location?

    <p>Pubic tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these structures are anesthetized using a nerve block during thoracocentesis?

    <p>Intercostal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rectus abdominis muscle primarily performs which of the following actions?

    <p>Trunk flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of dermatomes supplied by intercostal nerves over the chest wall?

    <p>They overlap with adjacent dermatomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is associated with the bilateral contraction of the transverse abdominis muscle?

    <p>Compression of abdominal viscera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Rib Anatomy

    • The tenth rib may only articulate with the 10th vertebrae and is atypical.
    • The first rib has grooves for the subclavian vessels.

    Costovertebral Joints

    • Facet joints, also known as zygapophyseal joints are synovial plane joints.
    • Facet joints have inferior and superior articular facets.
    • Ligaments associated with facet joints:
      • Ligamenta flava
      • Interspinous ligaments
      • Supraspinous ligament
      • Intertransverse ligaments
    • Innervation: Lateral branches of the posterior rami of C8 –T11 spinal nerves
    • Blood supply: Supreme intercostal, posterior intercostal arteries 1-10
    • Movements: In the thoracic region, superior facets project posteriorly and inferior facets project anteriorly. This vertical placement restricts flexion and extension, but allows for rotation.

    Intervertebral Discs

    • Type: Secondary cartilaginous joint
    • Articular surfaces: Adjacent vertebral bodies
    • Ligaments:
      • Ligamenta flava
      • Interspinous ligaments
      • Supraspinous ligament
      • Intertransverse ligaments
    • Innervation: Sinovertebral nerves
    • Blood supply: Osmotic supply
    • Movements: Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation

    Serratus Anterior Muscle

    • Origin:
      • Ribs 1-2
      • Intercostal fascia
      • Ribs 3-6
      • Ribs 7-8/9, sometimes extending to rib 10 and the external oblique muscle
    • Insertion:
      • Scapula’s superior angle, medial border, and inferior angle
    • Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
    • Blood supply: Superior and lateral thoracic arteries, thoracodorsal artery branches
    • Function: Draws scapula anterolaterally, suspends scapula on thoracic wall, rotates scapula (draws inferior angle laterally)

    Quadratus Lumborum Muscle

    • Origin: Iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament
    • Insertion: Inferior border of rib 12, transverse processes of vertebrae L1-L4
    • Innervation: Subcostal nerve (T12), anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4
    • Blood supply: Lumbar, median sacral, iliolumbar and subcostal arteries
    • Function:
      • Bilateral contraction: fixes rib 12 during inspiration, trunk extension
      • Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of trunk (ipsilateral)

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    Test your knowledge on rib anatomy, costovertebral joints, and intervertebral discs. This quiz covers key characteristics, joint types, ligaments, innervation, and blood supply related to the thoracic region. Perfect for students of anatomy or related fields.

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