Podcast
Questions and Answers
During labor, oxygen consumption increases by what percentage?
During labor, oxygen consumption increases by what percentage?
What is the recommended position to prevent supine hypotension during labor?
What is the recommended position to prevent supine hypotension during labor?
What is the approximate blood loss during a vaginal birth?
What is the approximate blood loss during a vaginal birth?
What percentage does the cardiac output increase during pregnancy?
What percentage does the cardiac output increase during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the renal blood flow during pregnancy?
What happens to the renal blood flow during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during pregnancy?
What happens to the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to the maternal heart rate during pregnancy?
What happens to the maternal heart rate during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is responsible for the increase in insulin resistance during pregnancy?
Which hormone is responsible for the increase in insulin resistance during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common cause of heart failure in pregnant women?
What is the most common cause of heart failure in pregnant women?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is associated with the shift of the maternal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
Which condition is associated with the shift of the maternal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common cause of maternal mortality overall?
What is the most common cause of maternal mortality overall?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone preserves the function of the corpus luteum during pregnancy?
Which hormone preserves the function of the corpus luteum during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of hormonal influences on the gastrointestinal system during pregnancy?
What is the effect of hormonal influences on the gastrointestinal system during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition can diminish blood flow to the placenta and fetus?
Which condition can diminish blood flow to the placenta and fetus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of pregnancy on hematocrit levels?
What is the effect of pregnancy on hematocrit levels?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing preeclampsia?
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the definition of severe features of preeclampsia?
What is the definition of severe features of preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended management for preeclampsia?
What is the recommended management for preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
Which drug is used to prevent seizures and hypertensive crises in preeclampsia?
Which drug is used to prevent seizures and hypertensive crises in preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the nursing interventions for a patient with preeclampsia?
What are the nursing interventions for a patient with preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of magnesium sulfate on the fetus?
What is the effect of magnesium sulfate on the fetus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the triad of symptoms associated with HELLP syndrome?
What is the triad of symptoms associated with HELLP syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of pregnancy on hematocrit levels?
What is the effect of pregnancy on hematocrit levels?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is associated with tissue hypoxia that results in decreased perfusion during pregnancy?
Which condition is associated with tissue hypoxia that results in decreased perfusion during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is the number one cause of maternal mortality in the U.S.?
Which condition is the number one cause of maternal mortality in the U.S.?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the physiological mechanism behind preeclampsia?
What is the physiological mechanism behind preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the potential neurological sequelae of preeclampsia?
What are the potential neurological sequelae of preeclampsia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of preeclampsia on capillary permeability?
What is the effect of preeclampsia on capillary permeability?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of preeclampsia on renal blood flow?
What is the effect of preeclampsia on renal blood flow?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of preeclampsia on colloid osmotic pressure?
What is the effect of preeclampsia on colloid osmotic pressure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is a cause of 10% of maternal deaths in the United States?
Which condition is a cause of 10% of maternal deaths in the United States?
Signup and view all the answers
When does anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy occur?
When does anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy occur?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy on the maternal venous circulation?
What is the effect of anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy on the maternal venous circulation?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is the amniotic fluid transported in anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy?
Where is the amniotic fluid transported in anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal venous circulation result in?
What does the entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal venous circulation result in?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is characterized by sudden onset of dyspnea, cyanosis, and hypotension, followed by cardiopulmonary arrest during pregnancy?
Which condition is characterized by sudden onset of dyspnea, cyanosis, and hypotension, followed by cardiopulmonary arrest during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the management for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in pregnancy?
What is the management for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is associated with increased risk of pulmonary embolism during the immediate postpartum period?
Which condition is associated with increased risk of pulmonary embolism during the immediate postpartum period?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common cause of accidental injuries during pregnancy?
What is the most common cause of accidental injuries during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended management for tocolytic-associated pulmonary edema?
What is the recommended management for tocolytic-associated pulmonary edema?
Signup and view all the answers
Which intervention should be prioritized in the management of trauma in pregnancy?
Which intervention should be prioritized in the management of trauma in pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended duration of fetal monitoring for women beyond 22 to 24 weeks' gestation after a traumatic event?
What is the recommended duration of fetal monitoring for women beyond 22 to 24 weeks' gestation after a traumatic event?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in pregnancy?
What is the most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the management approach for myasthenia gravis exacerbations during pregnancy?
What is the management approach for myasthenia gravis exacerbations during pregnancy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the goal of managing seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy?
What is the goal of managing seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Labor and Pregnancy Physiology
- Oxygen consumption increases by approximately 20% during labor.
- Recommended position to prevent supine hypotension during labor is the left lateral position.
- Approximate blood loss during a vaginal birth is about 500 mL.
- Cardiac output increases by 30-50% during pregnancy.
Renal and Cardiovascular Changes
- Renal blood flow increases significantly during pregnancy.
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) rises by approximately 40-60% in pregnant women.
- Maternal heart rate typically increases during pregnancy due to heightened metabolic demands.
Hormonal Influences
- Human placental lactogen (hPL) is the hormone responsible for increased insulin resistance during pregnancy.
- Progesterone preserves the function of the corpus luteum, ensuring continued hormone production to support pregnancy.
Complications and Conditions
- The most common cause of heart failure in pregnant women is peripartum cardiomyopathy.
- Rightward shift of the maternal oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is associated with respiratory alkalosis, occurring during labor.
- Eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal mortality overall.
- Preeclampsia is prevalent among pregnant women, with risk factors including obesity, chronic hypertension, and multiple gestations.
Preeclampsia Management and Effects
- Severe features of preeclampsia include blood pressure ≥160/110 mmHg, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets.
- Recommended management includes close monitoring, antihypertensives, and delivery if severe.
- Magnesium sulfate is the drug utilized to prevent seizures and hypertensive crises in preeclampsia.
- Nursing interventions for patients with preeclampsia include monitoring blood pressure, urine output, and fetal well-being.
HELLP Syndrome and Pregnancy Effects
- HELLP syndrome symptoms include hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count.
- Preeclampsia leads to increased capillary permeability and decreased renal blood flow, which may lower colloid osmotic pressure.
- Tissue hypoxia during pregnancy occurs due to placental insufficiency, affecting blood flow.
Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy
- Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy occurs during labor or shortly after delivery.
- Maternal venous circulation is affected by the entry of amniotic fluid, causing vasospasm and hypotension.
- Entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal venous circulation can trigger severe allergic reactions, including respiratory distress.
Trauma and Emergency Management in Pregnancy
- Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are managed with oxygen support and mechanical ventilation if necessary.
- Risk of pulmonary embolism increases in the immediate postpartum period.
- Accidental injuries during pregnancy are often caused by falls, motor vehicle accidents, or domestic violence.
- Tocolytic-associated pulmonary edema requires diuresis as part of recommended management.
Fetal Monitoring and Neurological Considerations
- Fetal monitoring is recommended for at least 4 hours after a traumatic event for women beyond 22-24 weeks' gestation.
- Most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in pregnancy is hypertensive disorders.
- Goals in managing seizures in pregnant women with epilepsy include seizure control while minimizing medication risks to the fetus.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on respectful obstetric care and consent with this quiz! Learn about important aspects such as allowing a support person at the bedside, promoting breastfeeding and bonding, providing frequent updates, coordinating care, offering grief support, and collaborating with various healthcare professionals for additional maternal stress.
