42 Questions
What is the typical time frame for acute rheumatic fever to occur following group A streptococcal pharyngitis?
2 to 4 weeks
Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation that can develop in relation to group A streptococcal pharyngitis?
Pneumonia
What is the long-term consequence of rheumatic fever on the heart and its valves?
Chronic progressive damage to the heart and its valves
What were the Jones criteria formulated for in 1944?
To assist in the identification of rheumatic fever
What is thought to be the primary reason for the decline in the incidence of rheumatic fever?
Introduction of antibiotics
At what age does acute rheumatic fever typically occur?
School-aged years
Which medication may compete with penicillin G for renal tubular secretion, potentially increasing penicillin serum concentrations?
Ethacrynic acid
What is a potential fetal risk associated with the use of glucocorticoids?
Osteonecrosis
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of neuroleptic agents?
Severe hypotension
What is a contraindication for the use of aspirin?
Vitamin K deficiency
What is the recommended approach for the primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF)?
Eradication of Streptococcus from the pharynx
What is the duration of secondary prevention for individuals with ARF and carditis but no residual valve disease?
10 years or until 21 years of age
What complications are dependent upon the severity of carditis during an acute attack of ARF?
Mitral stenosis and regurgitation
What surgical intervention should be considered in patients with active carditis, especially those with cases refractory to medical care or requiring high doses of vasodilators and diuretics?
Valve replacement
Which medication may compete with penicillin G for renal tubular secretion, potentially increasing penicillin serum concentrations?
Ethacrynic acid
What is a potential fetal risk associated with the use of glucocorticoids?
Osteonecrosis
Which condition is a contraindication for the use of neuroleptic agents?
Severe hypotension
What is a contraindication for the use of aspirin?
Vitamin K deficiency
What is the recommended approach for the primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF)?
Eradication of Streptococcus from the pharynx
What is the major cause of long-term morbidity in acute rheumatic fever?
Valvular vegetations (endocarditis)
What is the most commonly acquired heart disease in hospitalized children, adolescents, and young adults in less developed nations?
Rheumatic heart disease
What is the estimated percentage of patients with acute rheumatic fever that will develop rheumatic heart disease worldwide?
60%
What is the cause of left ventricular dilation and congestive heart failure in acute rheumatic fever?
Valvular vegetations (endocarditis)
What is thought to play a role in the pathogenic mechanisms that cause acute rheumatic fever?
Genetic susceptibility
Which factor has a direct proportional relationship with morbidity from acute rheumatic fever?
Rate of streptococcal infections
What is the primary cause of death and disability in children and adolescents in developing nations and lower socioeconomic areas?
Acute rheumatic fever
Which age group has the highest reported cases of individuals affected by acute rheumatic fever?
5-15 years
What is the characteristic complaint for patients with rheumatic fever?
Overt arthritis with warmth, swelling, redness, and exquisite tenderness
What is the primary diagnostic method used for acute rheumatic fever?
Positive throat culture for streptococcus group A antigen
What is associated with an inverse relationship with the risk of developing carditis in acute rheumatic fever?
Severity of joint involvement
Which of the following is a major criterion for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever?
Presence of subcutaneous nodules (Aschoff bodies)
What is the most frequent cause of mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic fever
What is the gold standard for the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease?
Echocardiography with Doppler
What is the recommended treatment for acute rheumatic fever without carditis?
Aspirin
Which laboratory test should be performed to disclose preceding streptococcal infection in acute rheumatic fever?
Throat culture to isolate group A streptococci
What is the characteristic movement disorder that occurs in a percentage of acute rheumatic fever cases?
"St Vitus dance"
Which of the following is a treatment strategy for the management of acute rheumatic fever?
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
What should be performed in all cases of confirmed and suspected acute rheumatic fever to assess whether carditis is present?
Echocardiography with Doppler
What is the most appropriate antimicrobial treatment for the eradication of streptococcal infection in acute rheumatic fever?
Penicillin G
What is a possible symptom that may indicate severe polyarthritis in acute rheumatic fever?
Persistent joint pain at rest
In what proportion of cases does erythema marginatum, a characteristic rash, occur in acute rheumatic fever patients?
Approximately 5%
What is the typical onset for Sydenham chorea, a characteristic movement disorder in acute rheumatic fever?
Several months after other symptoms
Learn about the clinical manifestations of rheumatic fever including carditis, migratory polyarthritis, and subcutaneous nodules as described in the text.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
