Questions and Answers
What does the communications triangle connect?
The writer or speaker, the subject matter, and the audience.
What is Aristotle's definition of rhetoric?
The faculty of discovering in any particular case all of the available means of persuasion in any given situation.
From which Greek words or phrases does 'rhetoric' derive?
What are the Five Canons of Rhetoric?
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What does 'Inventio' literally mean?
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What is the difference between artistic and non-artistic proofs?
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What are the three types of artistic proofs?
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What is the distinction between special topics and common topics?
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What is 'Dispositio' concerned with?
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What are the six parts of Dispositio?
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What is 'Elocutio'?
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What are the three levels of style?
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What are the three considerations of style?
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What does 'Memoria' involve?
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What is 'Pronuntiatio'?
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What is the difference between voice and actio in rhetoric?
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What are the three types of persuasive discourse?
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What is deliberative discourse?
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What is forensic discourse?
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What is epideictic discourse?
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What can be gained from the study of rhetoric?
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Study Notes
Communication Triangle
- Connects the writer/speaker, subject matter, and audience.
- Each element interacts through the text to convey messages.
Aristotle's Rhetoric
- Defined as the ability to discover available means of persuasion in specific situations.
Origins of "Rhetoric"
- Derived from Greek terms:
- Rhēma: "a word"
- Rhētor: "a teacher of oratory"
- Eirō: "I say"
Five Canons of Rhetoric
- Inventio: Invention or discovery of arguments.
- Dispositio: Organization of ideas.
- Elocutio: Style and expression of thoughts.
- Memoria: Memorization of speeches.
- Pronuntiatio: Delivery of the speech.
Inventio
- Refers to the process of finding arguments to use in discourse.
Artistic vs Non-Artistic Proofs
- Non-Artistic Proofs: Exist without invention; includes laws, witnesses, contracts, etc.
- Artistic Proofs: Involves invention; crafted through rhetorical techniques.
Three Types of Artistic Proofs
- Rational (Logos): Appeals to logic and reasoning.
- Emotional (Pathos): Engages the audience's feelings.
- Ethical (Ethos): Appeals to the audience's sense of ethics.
Topics of Discourse
- Special Topics: Relevant in specific contexts, like courtrooms.
- Common Topics: Applicable in various situations.
Dispositio
- Concerns the organization of ideas within discourse.
Six Parts of Dispositio
- Exordium: Introduction of the speech.
- Narratio: Explanation of the argument.
- Divisio: Outline of the points being discussed.
- Confirmatio: Presentation of evidence and proofs.
- Confutatio: Rebuttal of opposing arguments.
- Peroratio: Conclusion of the discourse.
Elocutio
- Focuses on the choice of words and style for effective expression.
Three Levels of Style
- Low/Plain: Instructive and clear.
- Middle/Forcible: Emotionally impactful.
- High/Florid: Charming and elaborate.
Considerations of Style
- Word choice (dictation).
- Arrangement of words (syntax).
- Use of tropes and figures.
Memoria
- Involves the techniques for memorizing speeches.
Pronuntiatio
- Addresses the delivery methods of a speech.
Voice vs Actio
- Voice: Includes tone, volume, and pacing.
- Actio: Pertains to gestures and physical movements while speaking.
Types of Persuasive Discourse
- Deliberative: Focuses on future actions and proposals.
- Forensic: Concerns judgment of past events and actions.
- Epideictic: Ceremonial speeches aimed at inspiring or praising.
Deliberative Discourse
- Engages broad audiences in discussions about future proposals and actions.
Forensic Discourse
- Involves arguments about past events, typically in a legal context.
Epideictic Discourse
- Centers on celebrating or critiquing someone or something, often in ceremonies.
Benefits of Studying Rhetoric
- Enhances critical reading and writing skills.
- Aids in discerning propaganda and responding to various forms of communication.
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Description
Explore the essential components of rhetoric, including Aristotle's notions of persuasion, the Communication Triangle, and the Five Canons of Rhetoric. This quiz will test your understanding of the artistic and non-artistic proofs used in effective discourse.