Review of Systems Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of review of systems?

  • A method of treatment assessment
  • A form of patient history taking
  • A medical model for pre-examination screening (correct)
  • A diagnostic imaging technique
  • What is the purpose of review of systems?

    Identify symptoms that may have been overlooked, are related to the principal complaint, or are comorbid with the complaint.

    When should a review of systems be completed?

    When history or health risk reveals red flags.

    What is screened in the review of systems?

    <p>General health, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, integumentary, nervous system, cardiovascular, endocrine, pulmonary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some symptoms included in the general health screening?

    <p>Dizziness, fatigue, fever, malaise, muscle weakness, mentation, nausea, numbness, unexplained weight loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does unexplained weight change in the general health screen indicate?

    <p>Weight loss of 5-10% body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fatigue is only a symptom of physical ailments.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the red flags associated with fatigue?

    <p>Interferes with daily activities and lasts longer than 2-4 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are signs of fever that warrant concern?

    <p>A temperature of 99.5°F or higher lasting longer than 2 weeks or a temperature of over 102°F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risk factors related to unexplained weight gain?

    <p>Kidney disease, congestive heart failure, liver issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of performing a screen?

    <p>Determining if it is safe to work with a patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes a red flag in patient symptoms?

    <p>Symptoms requiring immediate screening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components are included in a systems review?

    <p>Cardiopulmonary, integumentary, musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is age important for intake forms?

    <p>Age is the highest risk factor for cancers over the age of 50.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of medical history on intake forms?

    <p>Past history can explain current symptoms, risk factors, allergies, chronic illness, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What elements are assessed in the cardio/pulm systems review?

    <p>Heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, edema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What elements are assessed in the musculoskeletal systems review?

    <p>Gross ROM, gross strength, gross symmetry, height weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the categories of symptoms behavior?

    <p>Severity, irritability, nature, stage, stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Law of Parsimony?

    <p>Things are connected or behave in the simplest, most economical way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Review of Systems Overview

    • A medical model utilized for pre-examination screening.
    • Aims to identify overlooked symptoms related to the principal complaint or comorbid conditions.

    Indicators for Review of Systems

    • Conducted when health history reveals red flags or if symptoms are not mechanical.
    • Is especially indicated if there's an inappropriate response to treatment or throughout treatment processes.

    Components of Review of Systems

    • GGG Mince P categories include:
      • General Health
      • Gastrointestinal
      • Genitourinary
      • Musculoskeletal
      • Integumentary
      • Nervous System
      • Cardiovascular
      • Endocrine
      • Pulmonary

    General Health Screening

    • Common symptoms evaluated:
      • Dizziness: Need to clarify type (lightheadedness vs. spinning).
      • Fatigue: Associated with psychological, endocrine, infections, neoplasms, or cardiopulmonary issues.
      • Fever: Indicates systemic illness; raises red flags if ≥ 99.5°F for over two weeks.
      • Unexplained Weight Change: 5-10% body weight loss relates to depression, cancer, or GI disease; weight gain may indicate kidney or heart issues.
      • Nausea/Vomiting: Often underreported; associated with varied diseases beyond GI tract.

    Red Flags in Symptoms

    • Fatigue should interfere with daily activities or last beyond 2-4 weeks.
    • Dizziness with accompanying symptoms (nausea, visual issues) can signify serious conditions.
    • Paresthesia and numbness are commonly linked to neurologic disorders; progressive symptoms warrant immediate attention.
    • Muscle weakness associated with neurologic issues may present as progressive or bilateral.

    Flags in Patient Screening

    • Yellow Flags: Indicate further investigation, typically related to pre-existing conditions.
    • Red Flags: Symptoms necessitating immediate attention and possible treatment modification.

    Systems Review Elements

    • Cardiopulmonary: Heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and edema assessed.
    • Integumentary: Color, integrity, pliability, and scarring are evaluated.
    • Musculoskeletal: Gross range of motion, strength, symmetry, along with height and weight measurement.
    • Neuromuscular: Focus on coordination, balance, and motor function.
    • Communication: Assesses the patient's ability to express needs and emotional responses, learning preferences, and orientation status.

    Importance of Patient Age and History

    • Age is a significant risk factor for cancers, especially in individuals over 50.
    • Medical history provides critical insights into current symptoms and chronic illness.

    Role of Medications and Social Habits

    • Medications can reveal possible sources of complaints and alert clinicians to risks.
    • Knowledge of social habits (e.g., smoking, drinking) assists in identifying complicating factors and avenues for patient education.

    Physical Examination Purpose and Components

    • Aims for quick assessment and narrowing of symptoms to specific regions, identifying red flags and areas needing further testing.
    • Components include intake, medical history, systems review, followed by observation and various screening methods.

    Communication in Diagnosis

    • 80% of diagnoses reliant on history; combining with physical examination increases clarity to 90%.
    • Assessments and tests often aim to confirm hypotheses rather than serve as independent diagnostics.

    Interpretation of Symptoms

    • Utilize SINSS framework to understand Severity, Irritability, Nature, Stage, and Stability of symptoms, enhancing assessments and care plans.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the Review of Systems, a crucial medical model for pre-examination screening. This quiz covers its purpose, when to conduct it, and definitions related to the topic. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals!

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