Questions and Answers
Reversal design is also called?
What is reversal design?
A straightforward single-subject design that demonstrates a functional relationship by having the IV systematically absent and present.
What are behaviors that cannot be reversed?
Behaviors that acquire other reinforcement contingencies and those that can be learned such as educational concepts.
What are behaviors that can be reversed?
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What are the three assumptions of reversal design?
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ABAB results in applied settings are not usually _____ or nothing.
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What are four limitations of reversal designs?
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What are the three elements of baseline logic?
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What is prediction in the context of baseline logic?
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What does verifying involve in the context of behavior analysis?
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What is replication?
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What are the standards for an ABAB graph?
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What are quality indicators in behavior analysis?
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What are the three effects at three times in behavior analysis?
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What are the three variations of reversal design?
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What are repeated reversals?
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What is intervention reversal (BAB)?
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When would you use an intervention reversal design (BAB)?
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What are multiple treatment reversal designs?
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How to demonstrate experimental control in a multiple treatment reversal design?
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What is wrong with an ABCDE design?
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What are sequence effects?
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What are order effects?
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What are three problems with multiple-treatment reversal?
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Study Notes
Reversal Design Overview
- Reversal design is also known as withdrawal design.
- ABAB design is a straightforward single-subject design demonstrating a functional relationship through systematic intervention presence and absence.
Behaviors in Reversal Design
- Irreversible behaviors include those that gain new reinforcement contingencies or are complex educational concepts.
- Reversible behaviors can improve or worsen, e.g., raising a hand in class versus hair pulling.
Assumptions and Limitations
- Three key assumptions:
- Target behaviors are reversible.
- Changes result from experimenter-controlled contingencies reverting to baseline when removed.
- Lack of reversibility questions the existence of a functional relationship.
- Limitations include:
- Some behaviors are irreversible.
- Ethical concerns arise with reversing certain behaviors (e.g., self-injurious behavior).
- Client buy-in can be challenging.
- Pragmatic issues may hinder feasibility.
Baseline Logic Elements
- Three elements: prediction, verification, replication.
- Prediction involves projecting behavior levels based on baseline if no intervention is introduced.
- Verification confirms behavior reverts to baseline levels without the intervention, ensuring the IV's effect is valid.
- Replication involves repeating conditions previously tested for reliability.
ABAB Graph Standards
- Baseline logic must rule out threats to internal validity and meet quality indicators.
Quality Indicators
- Requires a minimum of three data points per phase and three effects measured at three distinct times.
Variations of Reversal Design
- Types include repeated reversal, intervention reversal (BAB), and multiple treatment reversal.
- Repeated reversals involve further withdrawing and reinstating the IV multiple times, highlighting its impact.
- Intervention reversal introduces treatment before baseline assessment, usually for urgent cases or dangerous behaviors.
Multiple Treatment Reversal Designs
- Compare effects of two or more IVs and require reintroducing baseline measures after each variable.
- Terms ABA, ACA illustrate verification and experimental control in this design.
Challenges with Other Designs
- ABCDE designs present low experimental control due to order and sequence effects and lack baseline verification.
- Sequence effects can compromise results based on previous treatments affecting individual behavior.
- Order effects disrupt results when the sequence of treatment experiences influences study outcomes.
Issues in Multiple Treatment Reversal
- Problems arise from the complexity of reading results, difficulty in identifying relationships, and potential order and sequence effects compromising the integrity of findings.
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Description
Test your understanding of reversal design, also known as withdrawal design, with these flashcards. Learn the key concepts, definitions, and characteristics of the ABAB design as a powerful experimental control methodology. Perfect for psychology students exploring single-subject designs!