Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the polypurine tract (PPT) used for in retroviruses?
What is the polypurine tract (PPT) used for in retroviruses?
- Triggers conformational shift in the SU protein
- Promotes viral integration into the cellular genome
- Facilitates reverse transcription (correct)
- Initiates viral entry into the host cell
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
- DNA polymerase
- Virus-associated cellular tRNA
- Ribonuclease H (RNAse H) (correct)
- RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
What is the main basis for retroviral tropism?
What is the main basis for retroviral tropism?
- Conformational shift in TM protein
- Presence of PPT in the viral genome
- Interaction of SU with cellular receptor (correct)
- Integration into cellular genome
What is the role of cellular tRNA molecules packaged in retroviral virions?
What is the role of cellular tRNA molecules packaged in retroviral virions?
What is the type of genome present in HIV virions?
What is the type of genome present in HIV virions?
What is the primary target of HIV replication and killing within the host?
What is the primary target of HIV replication and killing within the host?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of retroviruses?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of retroviruses?
Which enzyme is responsible for generating DNA copies of RNA genomes in retroviruses?
Which enzyme is responsible for generating DNA copies of RNA genomes in retroviruses?
What is the function of the viral enzyme integrase in retrovirus replication?
What is the function of the viral enzyme integrase in retrovirus replication?
Which gene encodes proteins involved in genome replication and integration in retroviruses?
Which gene encodes proteins involved in genome replication and integration in retroviruses?
What is the function of the Gag proteins in retroviruses?
What is the function of the Gag proteins in retroviruses?
What is the role of the primer binding sequences (PBS) in retrovirus replication?
What is the role of the primer binding sequences (PBS) in retrovirus replication?
What are the unique regions adjacent to R in retroviral genomic RNA?
What are the unique regions adjacent to R in retroviral genomic RNA?
What is the function of the specific cellular tRNA bound to genomic RNA in retroviruses?
What is the function of the specific cellular tRNA bound to genomic RNA in retroviruses?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of HIV?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of HIV?
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
What is the primary target of HIV replication and killing within the host?
What is the primary target of HIV replication and killing within the host?
Which type of genome is present in HIV virions?
Which type of genome is present in HIV virions?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What is the role of cellular tRNA molecules packaged in retroviral virions?
What is the role of cellular tRNA molecules packaged in retroviral virions?
What is polypurine tract (PPT) used for in retroviruses?
What is polypurine tract (PPT) used for in retroviruses?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of retroviruses?
What is the diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of retroviruses?
What is the primary function of the Pol (polymerase) proteins in retroviruses?
What is the primary function of the Pol (polymerase) proteins in retroviruses?
What is the role of the primer binding sequences (PBS) in retrovirus replication?
What is the role of the primer binding sequences (PBS) in retrovirus replication?
What is the function of the specific cellular tRNA bound to genomic RNA in retroviruses?
What is the function of the specific cellular tRNA bound to genomic RNA in retroviruses?
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
Which enzyme in retroviruses specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What characterizes the acute infection phase of HIV?
What is the main basis for retroviral tropism?
What is the main basis for retroviral tropism?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
What is the significance of lentivirus as a term for HIV?
Study Notes
Retroviral Structure and Function
- The polypurine tract (PPT) is used as a primer for DNA synthesis in retroviruses.
- Retroviral genomes are composed of RNA.
- The genome present in HIV virions is diploid, meaning it consists of two identical copies of the genome.
Enzymes in Retroviral Replication
- The enzyme reverse transcriptase is responsible for generating DNA copies of RNA genomes in retroviruses.
- The enzyme RNase H specifically degrades the RNA part of the RNA:DNA hybrid.
- The enzyme integrase is responsible for integrating the viral DNA into the host genome.
Retroviral Replication
- The primary target of HIV replication and killing within the host is CD4+ T cells.
- The acute infection phase of HIV is characterized by a rapid increase in viral replication and a subsequent decline in CD4+ T cells.
- The Gag proteins are involved in the formation of the viral capsid and are necessary for genome replication.
- The primer binding sequences (PBS) are necessary for the binding of tRNA to the viral genome.
- The specific cellular tRNA bound to genomic RNA acts as a primer for DNA synthesis.
Retroviral Tropism
- The main basis for retroviral tropism is the specific interaction between the viral envelope protein and the host cell receptor.
Retroviral Classification
- The term "lentivirus" is used to describe HIV because it causes a slow, progressive disease.
- The diameter of the spherical enveloped particle of retroviruses, including HIV, is approximately 100-120 nm.
Retroviral Genes
- The Pol gene encodes proteins involved in genome replication and integration.
- The Gag gene encodes proteins involved in the formation of the viral capsid.
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Description
Test your knowledge about retroviruses and the process of reverse transcription, which involves making a DNA copy of an RNA molecule. Learn about their structure, composition, and classification into subfamilies and genera.
