Retinoblastoma: The pRB Story Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of gene can be activated or gain function within a cell, leading to genomic instability and eventually cancer?

  • Oncogenes (correct)
  • Apoptosis genes
  • DNA repair genes
  • Tumour suppressor genes

    • What happens when tumour suppressor genes are lost or oncogenes are activated?

  • Uncontrolled cellular growth (correct)
  • Enhanced DNA repair
  • Reduced metastasis
  • Decreased angiogenesis

    • What is the result of angiogenesis in a developing tumour?

  • Enhanced immune response against the tumour
  • Decreased growth of the tumour
  • Development of its own blood supply (correct)
  • Reduction in metastasis

    • What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

    <p>When a primary tumour enters blood vessels and spreads around the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to genomic instability in a cell?

    <p>Activation of oncogenes or loss of function of tumour suppressor genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tumour suppressor genes in the development of cancer?

    <p>Their deactivation leads to genomic instability and cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hTERT (Telomerase) gene in cancer cells?

    <p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common early symptom of retinoblastoma in children?

    <p>Discolouration in one of the child’s eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of retinoblastoma cases are bilateral (occur in both eyes)?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment type involves using a hot probe to burn the cancer cells?

    <p>Thermotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of tumour suppression, what did Sir Henry Harris propose was central to carcinogenesis?

    <p>Chromosome loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the conclusion drawn from the fusion of highly malignant mouse cell line with a mouse cell line of lower malignancy by Barski & et al (1962)?

    <p>Malignancy must be dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the P16 gene in cancer?

    <p>Regulates Retinoblastoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma in children?

    <p>~2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is responsible for regulating retinoblastoma?

    <p>$P16$ gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Telomerase in cancer cells?

    <p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the hTERT gene in cancer cells?

    <p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Sir Henry Harris propose was central to carcinogenesis in the context of tumour suppression?

    <p>Chromosome loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to genomic instability in a cell according to the text?

    <p>Gain of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma in children?

    <p>2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

    <p>Spread of cancer to other parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment type involves using liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer cells?

    <p>Cryotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common early symptom of retinoblastoma in children according to the text?

    <p>Discolouration in the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when tumour suppressor genes are lost or oncogenes are activated?

    <p>Genomic instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of angiogenesis in a developing tumour?

    <p>Formation of blood vessels within a tumour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in terms of genomic instability?

    <p>Oncogenes can be activated, leading to genomic instability, while tumour suppressor genes can be deactivated, also leading to genomic instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of angiogenesis in the context of cancer development?

    <p>It is the formation of a primary tumour's own blood supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

    <p>It is when a primary tumour spreads to other parts of the body and forms secondary tumours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to genomic instability in a cell, leading to cancer development?

    <p>Both activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tumour suppressor genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the role of tumour suppressor genes in cancer development?

    <p>Deactivation of tumour suppressor genes leads to uncontrolled cellular growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when oncogenes are activated or gain function within a cell?

    <p>It leads to genomic instability and eventually contributes to cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

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