Retina and RPE Cell Functions
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Retina and RPE Cell Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the RPE's tight connection with the choroid?

  • To provide structural support to the retina
  • To absorb photons of light
  • To regulate the transport of ions, water, and metabolites (correct)
  • To facilitate phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments
  • What is the main function of the photopigments in the photoreceptor layer?

  • To synthesize photopigments
  • To absorb photons of light (correct)
  • To reduce light sensitivity
  • To regulate the transport of ions and water
  • What is the approximate number of rods in the photoreceptor layer?

  • 500-1000
  • 6-8 million
  • 1-2 million
  • 120 million (correct)
  • What is the function of the outer segment of the photoreceptor layer?

    <p>To surround photopigment molecules with lipid bilayered discs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the RPE disposes of photoreceptor outer segments?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the space between the RPE and neural retina?

    <p>Subretinal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Outer Limiting Membrane?

    <p>To provide structure and act as a barrier for large metabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of protein synthesis in photoreceptors?

    <p>Myoid region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Rhodopsin in rods?

    <p>To absorb light at 507nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between rods and cones?

    <p>Rods are used for scotopic vision, while cones are used for photopic vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Elipsoid region?

    <p>To produce ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of rods greatest in?

    <p>Rod ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ganglion cells have a single dendrite in the fovea that synapses with one midget bipolar cell?

    <p>Midget ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Müller cells in the retina?

    <p>Structural function and provision of nutrients to the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Müller cells mostly found in the retina?

    <p>Throughout the entire retina, excluding the photoreceptor layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the axons of magnocellular cells?

    <p>Larger diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the Internal Limiting Membrane?

    <p>Footplates of Müller's cells bound to vitreous humor fibrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Nerve Fiber Layer absent in the retina?

    <p>In the fovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the ora serrata?

    <p>Firm attachment between the retina and vitreous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rods in the peripheral retina?

    <p>They disappear and are replaced by malformed cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the nuclear layers change in the peripheral retina?

    <p>They merge with the plexiform layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the RPE at the peripheral retina?

    <p>It becomes continuous with the outer pigmented epithelium of the ciliary body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the neural retina at the peripheral retina?

    <p>It becomes a single layer of irregular columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and ganglion cells in the retina?

    <p>128 million; 35 million; 1.5 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most Müller cell bodies located in the retina?

    <p>Inner nuclear layer (INL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of astrocytes in the retina?

    <p>To provide structure to nerve fibers and capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the retina receives blood supply from both the central retinal artery and the choroid?

    <p>Outer plexiform layer (OPL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of the population that has a cilioretinal artery?

    <p>15-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the central retinal artery in the retina?

    <p>To form two capillary networks in the INL and NFL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the central region of the retina?

    <p>Specialized for visual acuity and rich in cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

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