Questions and Answers
What are the two main layers of the retina?
The RPE and the choroid
What is the function of the RPE?
To recycle used photopigments
What is the role of photoreceptors in the retina?
To convert light energy into a nerve impulse
What is the optic nerve made up of?
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What is the fundus?
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What is the dual blood supply of the retina?
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What affects the appearance of the fundus?
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Study Notes
- The retina has 10 layers, but can be simplified into 2 layers: the RPE and the neurosensory layer.
- The RPE is essential for retinal integrity and function, and recycles used photopigments.
- Photoreceptors, including rods and cones, contain visual pigments and convert light energy into a nerve impulse.
- The optic nerve is part of the CNS and consists of axons of ganglion cells.
- The fundus is the portion of the posterior segment of the eye that is viewed with the ophthalmoscope.
- The retina has a dual blood supply: retinal blood vessels for inner retina and choroidal blood vessels for outer retina.
- Different species have different arrangements of blood vessels affecting the appearance of the fundus.
- The tapetum is part of the choroid and reflects light rays so the retina receives light twice.
- The appearance of the fundus depends on overall pigment in an individual, including coat color, iris color, and fundus color.
- Normal fundus variations depend on the color of different layers, with less coat pigment leading to a paler fundus.
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