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Questions and Answers
Do lights have color?
No, lights have wavelengths. We perceive wavelengths as color.
Which of the following is true? (Check all that apply)
What are the three types of cones in the trichromatic theory?
S-cones, M-cones, L-cones
What does the opponent-process theory suggest about color perception?
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What is the role of the retinex theory in color perception?
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Humans perceive wavelengths between ______ and ______ nanometers.
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Study Notes
Retina: Rods & Cones
- Rods are most abundant in the periphery of the retina and respond to faint light.
- Cones are most abundant in and near the fovea and are more useful in bright light.
- Cones are essential for color vision and provide about 90% of the brain's input.
- The fovea is the central part of the retina with densely packed cones.
- The periphery of the retina has a higher proportion of rods.
- Convergence of Input: In the periphery, multiple rods converge onto a single ganglion cell, while in the fovea, a single cone typically connects to a single ganglion cell. This difference explains the greater sensitivity of peripheral vision to dim light and the superior detail vision of foveal vision.
Color Vision: Wavelength & Theories
- Visible light is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum perceived by humans.
- The wavelength of light determines the color we perceive.
- Humans can perceive wavelengths between 400 and 700 nanometers (nm).
- Color Vision Theories:*
- Trichromatic Theory: Three types of cones – S-cones, M-cones, and L-cones - each sensitive to short, medium, and long wavelengths respectively. The ratio of activity across these cones determines the perceived color.
- Opponent-Process Theory: We perceive color in terms of paired opposites, like red vs. green, yellow vs. blue, and white vs. black. This theory explains negative afterimages.
- Retinex theory: The cortex compares information from different parts of the retina to determine brightness and color. This theory explains some color illusions.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts about the retina, focusing on the roles of rods and cones in vision. It explains how these photoreceptors work in different lighting conditions and their contributions to color perception. Test your understanding of the anatomy of the retina and the properties of visible light.
