Restriction Enzymes

Restriction Enzymes

• Restriction enzymes belong to the class of endonucleases.
• Modification enzymes, also known as methyltransferases, add a methyl group to the DNA, protecting it from restriction enzymes in prokaryotes.
• Restriction enzymes make double-stranded incisions, creating a staggered cut with 5' overhangs, 3' overhangs, or blunt ends, to cut DNA.
• Restriction enzymes are found in prokaryotes, such as bacteria, where they act as a defense mechanism against foreign DNA.
• The main function of restriction enzymes in a prokaryote is to protect the cell from viral infections by cleaving foreign DNA, thereby preventing viral replication.