Responsive Web Design Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of CSS media queries in responsive web design?

  • To apply different CSS styles based on screen size or device type (correct)
  • To create animations for web pages
  • To style HTML elements with JavaScript
  • To structure the content of web pages
  • Which of the following statements accurately describes semantic HTML elements?

  • They should always replace all generic HTML tags
  • They are used exclusively for styling web pages
  • They are obsolete and no longer recommended
  • They provide meaning and improve accessibility and SEO (correct)
  • What is the primary purpose of using a virtual DOM in React?

  • To compare changes and update only necessary parts of the real DOM. (correct)
  • To directly update the real DOM for faster rendering.
  • To simplify the state management of components.
  • To replace the need for real DOM entirely.
  • Why is it important to use external stylesheets in web development?

    <p>It allows better separation of content and design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes functional components in React?

    <p>They are simple functions that return JSX.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration in an HTML document?

    <p>It ensures the correct rendering of the page by the browser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes props from state in a React component?

    <p>Props are passed from parent to child, while state is managed internally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature allows developers to use state and lifecycle methods in functional components?

    <p>Hooks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does JavaScript play in web development?

    <p>It adds dynamic and interactive elements to websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using Flexbox and Grid in CSS for responsive design?

    <p>They allow for flexible and adaptive layouts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must JSX syntax return?

    <p>A single parent element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept does React's Component-Based Architecture emphasize?

    <p>Breaking down user interface into small, reusable components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are HTML attributes such as class or for represented in JSX?

    <p>They are represented as className and htmlFor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does responsive web design benefit user experience across devices?

    <p>It ensures that websites look great on all screen sizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the useEffect hook primarily manage in functional components?

    <p>Side effects such as data fetching and subscriptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about class components is true in the context of React's evolution?

    <p>Class components are used less frequently since the introduction of hooks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of React's Virtual DOM?

    <p>To create a virtual representation of the UI in memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTTP method is used to delete a resource from the server?

    <p>DELETE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data flow does React follow?

    <p>Unidirectional data flow where data flows from parent to child components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT describe a characteristic of a RESTful API?

    <p>Uniform interface that complicates interaction with resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the reconciliation process in React refer to?

    <p>The process of comparing the Virtual DOM with the real DOM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is essential for REST architecture?

    <p>Stateless interactions where no client information is stored.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are changes in the component's state reflected in the UI?

    <p>The state changes trigger a re-render of the UI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do hooks like useEffect serve in functional components?

    <p>To enable lifecycle-like behavior without using classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which React lifecycle method is NOT a standard method for class components?

    <p>useEffect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the POST method in RESTful APIs?

    <p>Create a new resource</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you update a user with ID 1 using RESTful API?

    <p>PUT /users/1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is commonly used to send HTTP requests and view responses when testing an API?

    <p>Postman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a GET request generally do in the context of a RESTful API?

    <p>Retrieves information about a resource</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding RESTful API conventions?

    <p>The choice of HTTP method affects the operation performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a RESTful API, how is a new user typically created on the server?

    <p>POST /users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Fetch API in relation to RESTful APIs?

    <p>To send HTTP requests from client-side code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Responsive Web Design (RWD)

    • RWD adapts layouts to screen size, eliminating separate designs for different devices.
    • Crucial for today's multi-device use (phones to desktops).
    • Google prioritizes mobile-friendly sites in search rankings.

    HTML

    • <!DOCTYPE html> is crucial for correct rendering.
    • <html>, <head>, and <body> structure page content.
    • Semantic elements (e.g., <header>, <nav>, <section>, <footer>) improve accessibility and SEO, replacing generic <div> or <span> tags.

    CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

    • Styles and lays out web pages.
    • External stylesheets (linked via <link>) separate CSS from HTML for easier maintenance and scaling.
    • Modern layout techniques (Flexbox and Grid) create flexible and adaptive layouts.
    • Media queries apply different styles based on screen size or device type.

    JavaScript (JS)

    • Adds interactivity (animations, form validations, responsive menus).
    • A practical example is a responsive navigation menu, toggling on smaller screens.

    React

    • Popular JavaScript library for UI, particularly single-page applications (SPAs).
    • Breaks down complex UIs into reusable components.
    • Component-based architecture for manageable development and code reusability.

    Virtual DOM

    • React uses a virtual representation (Virtual DOM) of the actual DOM.
    • Updates the Virtual DOM first, then efficiently updates the real DOM.
    • Faster than directly updating the real DOM.

    Unidirectional Data Flow

    • React follows a one-way data flow model for easier debugging and understanding application state..

    Components

    • Building blocks of React applications.
    • Functional components are simple JavaScript functions returning a UI (often JSX, similar to HTML).
    • Class components are ES6 classes with more complex logic (though less common now with hooks).

    JSX (JavaScript XML)

    • Syntax that looks like HTML but is written inside JavaScript.
    • Allows writing HTML structures within JavaScript.
    • Embeds JavaScript expressions inside curly braces ({}) for dynamic content.
    • Classnames and for attributes are used as className and forName to avoid conflicts with JavaScript keywords.

    Props

    • Read-only data passed from parent to child components.
    • Make components dynamic and reusable.

    State

    • Component data that can change over time.
    • Managed internally, triggering re-renders when changes occur.

    Hooks

    • Special functions in React that enable accessing React features without classes.
    • useState allows for adding state to functional components.
    • useEffect handles side effects (e.g., DOM manipulation, data fetching).

    Component Lifecycle

    • React components have phases (lifecycle) during operation.
    • Class components have lifecycle methods for actions at specific points during operation.
    • Functional components use hooks like useEffect to achieve similar behavior.

    RESTful APIs

    • Use HTTP methods (e.g., GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) for CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on resources.
    • APIs are lightweight and efficient for network communications (intra or inter-network).
    • Standard HTTP methods for interacting with resources: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.
    • Examples presented for CRUD operations (create, read, update, delete).

    Testing APIs

    • Tools like Postman make sending HTTP requests and viewing responses easy.
    • Browsers can be used to test GET requests by entering the API URL.

    Consuming RESTful APIs

    • Use JavaScript's fetch API to make requests to RESTful APIs from webpages.
    • GET requests retrieve data.
    • POST requests send data to the API.

    Error Handling in RESTful APIs

    • HTTP status codes (e.g., 200 OK, 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Error) indicate request results.
    • Proper error handling improves user experience by providing feedback.

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