Response Systems in the Body

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Questions and Answers

Where are peptide hormones derived from?

  • Proteins
  • Cholesterol (correct)
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids

What is the main source of steroid hormones?

  • Liver
  • Adrenal cortex (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • Thyroid gland

How are peptide hormones transported in the blood?

  • Free form (correct)
  • Attached to carbohydrates
  • Bound to lipids
  • Complexed with proteins

Which type of hormones have a relatively short half-life?

<p>Peptide hormones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cellular mechanism of action for peptide hormones through receptor-enzymes?

<p>Phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor form of peptide hormones that still remains inactive?

<p>Prohormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hormones from other chemical signals used by cells?

<p>They are secreted into the blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides a rapid response but with short duration?

<p>Nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones in the body?

<p>Regulating long-term functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hormone receptors contribute to cellular responses?

<p>Initiate the response within target cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In endocrinology, how are hormones classified based on tissue source?

<p>By tissue origin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common fate of circulating hormones in the body?

<p>Degraded by liver or kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are steroid hormones released into the blood?

<p>Released through simple diffusion as needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of cortisol in the blood?

<p>69-90 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do single tyrosine molecules give rise to catecholamines?

<p>Adrenal cortex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cellular mechanism of action of steroid hormones?

<p>Utilize nuclear receptors to produce genomic effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes melatonin?

<p>Pineal gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two neurohormones released by the posterior pituitary when stimulated?

<p>Vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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