Response Systems in the Body

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Where are peptide hormones derived from?

Proteins

Cholesterol (correct)

Carbohydrates

Lipids

What is the main source of steroid hormones?

Liver

Adrenal cortex (correct)

Pancreas

Thyroid gland

How are peptide hormones transported in the blood?

Free form (correct)

Attached to carbohydrates

Bound to lipids

Complexed with proteins

Which type of hormones have a relatively short half-life?

Peptide hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is the cellular mechanism of action for peptide hormones through receptor-enzymes?

Phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor form of peptide hormones that still remains inactive?

Prohormone Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hormones from other chemical signals used by cells?

They are secreted into the blood. Signup and view all the answers

Which system provides a rapid response but with short duration?

Nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones in the body?

Regulating long-term functions Signup and view all the answers

How do hormone receptors contribute to cellular responses?

Initiate the response within target cells Signup and view all the answers

In endocrinology, how are hormones classified based on tissue source?

By tissue origin Signup and view all the answers

What is a common fate of circulating hormones in the body?

Degraded by liver or kidneys Signup and view all the answers

How are steroid hormones released into the blood?

Released through simple diffusion as needed Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of cortisol in the blood?

69-90 minutes Signup and view all the answers

Where do single tyrosine molecules give rise to catecholamines?

Adrenal cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the cellular mechanism of action of steroid hormones?

Utilize nuclear receptors to produce genomic effects Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes melatonin?

Pineal gland Signup and view all the answers

What are the two neurohormones released by the posterior pituitary when stimulated?

Vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin Signup and view all the answers