Response Deprivation Hypothesis in Behaviorism
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Questions and Answers

According to the Response Deprivation Hypothesis, what happens when access to a response is restricted?

  • The response becomes a negative reinforcer.
  • The opportunity to perform the response becomes a positive reinforcer. (correct)
  • The response becomes extinct.
  • Subjects lose interest in the response.

    • In the context of low probability responses, when can they serve as reinforcers?

  • When subjects have no interest in those responses.
  • When subjects are allowed unrestricted access to those responses.
  • When subjects are highly motivated to perform those responses.
  • When subjects are restricted from those responses. (correct)

    • How does the text illustrate the concept of reinforcement with the ice cream and vegetable example?

  • Eating ice cream is a form of negative reinforcement.
  • Veggies are never considered as reinforcers.
  • Deprivation of ice cream leads to increased preference for vegetables. (correct)
  • Eating ice cream is always more reinforcing than eating vegetables.

    • What is the main idea behind instrumental motivational mechanisms mentioned in the text?

    <p>Distributing responses based on individual preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the text relate homeostasis to behavioral regulation?

    <p>Behavioral regulation helps maintain homeostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between classical conditioning and instrumental conditioning?

    <p>Classical conditioning involves learning associations between stimuli, while instrumental conditioning involves associations between response/behavior and outcome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to E.L. Thorndike's experiment with puzzle boxes and food-restricted cats, what strengthened the S-R relationship?

    <p>Response to a stimulus followed by a satisfying event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Discrete-trial approach, how is the behavior of the subject related to the trial?

    <p>The behavior of the subject terminates the trial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is measured in Thorndike's experiment involving maze types like Straight alley and T maze?

    <p>Running speed and latency to move from start box.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Free Operant Approach, what type of behavior will lead to rats drinking?

    <p>Rats will drink to run.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does restricting access to a reinforcer impact response probability according to Response Deprivation?

    <p>Restricting access decreases response probability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Response Deprivation Hypothesis

    • Restricting access to a response makes the opportunity to perform that response a positive reinforcer.
    • Depriving someone of something they usually get easily will motivate them to act stronger on it because they will want it more.

    Instrumental Conditioning

    • Learning associations between stimuli, behavior, and their effect on the environment.
    • Leads to goal-directed behavior in life.
    • Examples: brushing your teeth → no cavities.

    Differences between Classical and Instrumental Conditioning

    • Classical conditioning: learning associations between stimuli.
    • Instrumental conditioning: associations between response/behavior and outcome.

    E.L. Thorndike's Experiment

    • Used puzzle boxes on food-restricted cats.
    • Goal: escape and food.
    • Measured latency to escape.
    • Cats learned association between stimulus and response.
    • Association affected by outcome.
    • Rope in a box (S) + pulling rope (R) → escape + food (O).

    Law of Effect

    • A response to a stimulus followed by a satisfying event strengthens S-R relationship.
    • Pull rope → food and escape → less time to escape.
    • Response to a stimulus followed by an annoying event → weakened S-R relationship.
    • Pull rope in box → shock → longer time to escape.

    Modern Approaches

    • Discrete-trial approach:
      • Response performed once.
      • Behavior of subject terminates trial (response concludes the experiment).
      • Thorndike’s experiment is an example.
      • Timing of the trial determined by the experimenter.
      • Most common: mazes.
      • Two maze types: Straight alley, T maze.
      • Behavior measured: Running speed, Latency to move from start box (S), Choice behavior (only in T maze).

    Free Operant Approach

    • Subject is free to respond at any time.
    • Measured behavior: Drinking (L) - Rats will not run to drink, Rats will drink to run.

    Response Deprivation

    • Restricting access to a reinforcer shifts response probability.
    • Low probability responses can serve as reinforcers if subjects are restricted from that response.

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    Description

    Learn about the Response Deprivation Hypothesis which states that restricting access to a response can make the opportunity to perform that response a positive reinforcer. Understand how depriving someone of something they usually get easily can motivate them to act more strongly due to increased desire.

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