Respiratory Volumes - Tidal Volume and Lung Capacity
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Questions and Answers

What is the average volume of the tidal volume (TV)?

  • 1500 ml
  • 2500 ml
  • 1000 ml
  • 500 ml (correct)

    • Which respiratory volume represents the amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs?

  • Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
  • Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) (correct)
  • Residual volume (RV)
  • Tidal volume (TV)

    • What is the function of the residual volume (RV) in the lungs?

  • To facilitate gas exchange
  • To increase lung capacity
  • To aid in breathing efficiency
  • To keep the alveoli open (correct)

    • Which respiratory capacity includes the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) and the tidal volume (TV)?

    <p>Inspiratory capacity (IC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the total lung capacity (TLC) represent?

    <p>Sum of all lung volumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which respiratory volume combines with the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) to form the functional residual capacity (FRC)?

    <p>Residual volume (RV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nose in the respiratory system?

    <p>Filtering and cleaning inspired air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood vessels and tissues?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the paranasal sinuses in the respiratory system?

    <p>Producing mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system serves as a resonating chamber for speech?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea?

    <p>Conduction of air to and from lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for the movement of air into and out of the lungs?

    <p>Nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the external nose?

    <p>Nasal and frontal bones superiorly, maxillary bones laterally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones contribute to the formation of the nasal septum?

    <p>Cartilage, vomer bone, and ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nasal vestibule?

    <p>Lined with hairs that filter coarse particles from inspired air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the nasal conchae and nasal mucosa during inhalation?

    <p>Filter, heat, and moisten air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mucosa is responsible for containing smell receptors?

    <p>Olfactory mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the structure of the external nose differ from the nasal conchae?

    <p>External nose is formed by bones, while nasal conchae are scroll-like projections covered with mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures state?

    <p>The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about alveoli in the lungs based on the text?

    <p>PO2 is low and PCO2 is high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in pulmonary capillaries according to Dalton's Law?

    <p>PO2 is low and PCO2 is high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Dalton's Law, what happens in systemic tissues?

    <p>PO2 is low and PCO2 is high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Henry's Law predict about gas exchange in the alveoli and bloodstream?

    <p>The amount of oxygen that dissolves into the bloodstream depends on the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the relative concentration of gases change as the pressure and volume of a gas mixture changes?

    <p>The relative concentration of gases remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does CO2 diffuse in equal amounts with oxygen during external respiration?

    <p>CO2 is more soluble in plasma and alveolar fluid than oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of gas movement through the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Thickness of the respiratory membranes and the concentration of the gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does oxygen move from blood to tissues during internal respiration?

    <p>Tissue PO2 is lower than arterial blood PO2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is molecular oxygen primarily transported in the blood?

    <p>Dissolved in plasma and bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes CO2 diffusion efficient during external respiration despite a less steep partial pressure gradient?

    <p>Higher solubility of CO2 in plasma and alveolar fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the thickness of the respiratory membranes play in gas exchange?

    <p>It affects the rate of diffusion through the respiratory membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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