Sheet 2 Physiology
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Sheet 2 Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the amount of air found in a normal lung before inspiration?

  • 3.0L
  • 1.5L
  • 2.2L (correct)
  • 4.2L

    • What is the term used for the additional 0.5L of air inhaled during quiet breathing?

  • Tidal Volume (VT) (correct)
  • Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV)
  • Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
  • Vital Capacity (VC)

    • Which term refers to the additional 3L of air inhaled during forceful inspiration?

  • Residual Volume (RV)
  • Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
  • Vital Capacity (VC)
  • Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) (correct)

    • At what point is the Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) typically reached?

    <p>During exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for the total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation?

    <p>Vital Capacity (VC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the lung volume as the intrathoracic/intraplural pressure becomes more negative?

    <p>Lung volume increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does air enter the lungs according to the given information?

    <p>Intrathoracic/intraplural pressure is less negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between intrathoracic/intraplural pressure and lung inflation?

    <p>Positive correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the entry of air into the lungs affect intrathoracic/intraplural pressure?

    <p>It becomes less negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does lung inflation have on lung volume?

    <p>Lung volume increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the expired air when fresh air is inhaled?

    <p>It gets displaced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fresh air in the respiratory system when inhaling?

    <p>To replace the expired air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the expired air during inhalation in the respiratory system?

    <p>It is pushed out by fresh air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does fresh air have on the expired air in the respiratory system?

    <p>It displaces it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the expired air go when fresh air enters the respiratory system?

    <p>It is replaced by the fresh air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) measure?

    <p>The volume of air inhaled or exhaled per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Respiratory Minute Ventilation?

    <p>Amount of air breathed in and out in a minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV)?

    <p>Air movement per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) directly relate to?

    <p>Breathing rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of monitoring Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV)?

    <p>Assessing respiratory efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can you find the information about sheet 2?

    <p>In the slides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What section of the slides should be referred to for details about sheet 2?

    <p>End of sheet 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should one look at the information related to sheet 2 on the slides?

    <p>After reviewing all sheets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of content is mentioned to be on sheet 2 in the slides?

    <p>Important details</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How crucial is it to review sheet 2 based on the text provided?

    <p>Very crucial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it possible for the Pulmonary Displacement Space (PDS) to be larger than the Anatomical Dead Space (ADS)?

    <p>No, as the PDS is always smaller than the ADS in a normal lung.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an increase in intrathoracic/intrapleural pressure affect lung inflation?

    <p>It causes lung collapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the 0.5 liters of air that remains in the lungs after forced expiration?

    <p>Residual Air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the total air capacity of the respiratory system at peak inspiration?

    <p>Total Lung Capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When fresh air enters the respiratory system, where does the expired air from the previous breath go?

    <p>It is released into the atmosphere without re-entering the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air in the Anatomic Dead Space when the first 150 ml of fresh air enters the lungs?

    <p>It is pushed into the alveoli without alterations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide (PCO2) levels in the expired air present in the Anatomic Dead Space?

    <p>PO2 100, PCO2 40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the first 150 ml of air that enters the lungs?

    <p>Pushing the Anatomic Dead Space air into the alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the remaining 350 ml of fresh air after the initial entry into the lungs?

    <p>It mixes with the alveolar air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Anatomic Dead Space in the respiratory system?

    <p>Serves as a pathway for air to travel to alveoli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in Anatomic Dead Space compare to those in alveoli?

    <p>Higher PO2, Lower PCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the gas exchange process involving Anatomic Dead Space?

    <p>There is no gas exchange happening in this space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the volume of air remaining after forceful expiration?

    <p>Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the total volume of air exhaled after a maximal inhalation?

    <p>Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for the sum of Inspiratory Reserve Volume, Tidal Volume, and Expiratory Reserve Volume?

    <p>Inspiratory Capacity (IC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung volume includes the residual volume and expiratory reserve volume?

    <p>Vital Capacity (VC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?

    <p>Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the values mentioned in the text?

    <p>The values vary due to differences in biological composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the values of Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) differ in Germany and Japan?

    <p>RMV is higher in Japan due to biological composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does biological composition play in the variance of values mentioned?

    <p>Biological composition is the primary factor causing variance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which country are the values likely to be significantly higher based on the text?

    <p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What implication does the text make about the potential range of variation in the mentioned values?

    <p>The values can vary widely between different regions and countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Boyle's law in relation to mechanical ventilation?

    <p>To describe the relationship between pressure and volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of considering something as Zero to avoid big numbers, based on the text?

    <p>To simplify calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of a Respirator/Ventilator/Resuscitator in the ICU?

    <p>To assist in breathing by regulating air pressure and volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does treating something as Zero help in avoiding big numbers, as stated in the text?

    <p>By reducing the need for calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to lung volume when pressure increases according to Boyle's law?

    <p>Lung volume decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for considering something as Zero to avoid dealing with large numbers, according to the text?

    <p>To speed up calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario would an increase in intrathoracic pressure benefit lung inflation?

    <p>During exhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does treating something as Zero assist in handling numbers when avoiding larger values, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>By reducing computational load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Boyle's law explain the relationship between pressure and volume in the respiratory system?

    <p>Pressure and volume are inversely related</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does considering something as Zero impact the arithmetic process when dealing with significant numbers, according to the text?

    <p>By simplifying mathematical operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between intrapleural pressure and atmospheric pressure in the lungs?

    <p>Less than atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a decrease in intrapleural pressure affect lung volume?

    <p>Increases lung volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the pleural cavity in lung physiology?

    <p>Maintains negative pressure for lung inflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the change in intrapleural pressure during breathing affect the lungs?

    <p>Expands the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to intrapleural pressure when there is a forceful expiration of air from the lungs?

    <p>Becomes positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

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