Respiratory System Structure

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What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?

Increasing lung recoil

Increasing the surface tension of alveolar fluid

Reducing the surface tension of alveolar fluid (correct)

Decreasing lung compliance

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli?

100 mmHg (correct)

40 mmHg

45 mmHg

60 mmHg

What constitutes approximately 21% of the air we breathe?

Nitrogen

Carbon dioxide

Helium

Oxygen (correct)

What is the main factor that influences the tendency of oxygen to bind with and release from hemoglobin?

Changes in blood pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the collapse of the lungs away from the chest wall?

Atelectasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cellular metabolism?

Production of carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary transport mechanism for oxygen from the lungs to the tissues?

Oxyhemoglobin in RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What systems are integrated to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide?

Hematologic, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems Signup and view all the answers

What is affected when the respiratory system is impaired?

Our ability to breathe, transport gases, and participate in everyday activities Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx and oropharynx?

To trap and destroy pathogens entering with the air Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pleural fluid?

To lubricate the movement of the lungs during inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?

In the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What structure is commonly referred to as the Adam's apple?

Larynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the upper respiratory system?

To filter, warm, and humidify the air we breathe Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of impaired drive to breathe?

Severe head injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the expansion and recoil of the lungs in response to pressure changes?

Passive ventilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of air inspired and expired with each breath in adults?

500 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the stretchability of lung tissue?

Lung compliance Signup and view all the answers

What muscles are involved in assisting respiration during strenuous exercise or certain heart diseases?

Accessory muscles of respiration Signup and view all the answers