Respiratory System Structure: Tracheobronchial Tree
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?

  • Produce surfactant
  • Help in gas exchange
  • Cause smooth muscle constriction
  • Beat upward towards the esophagus to clear debris (correct)

Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system?

  • Bronchioles
  • Trachea
  • Respiratory bronchioles
  • Alveoli (correct)

What is the role of Type II pneumocytes in the respiratory membrane?

  • Contraction during asthma attacks
  • Gas exchange
  • Production of surfactant (correct)
  • Removal of debris and pathogens

Which structure in the respiratory system branches into tertiary bronchi?

<p>Primary bronchi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dust cells in the alveoli?

<p>Remove debris and pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system lacks cartilage support but has smooth muscle that can constrict during an asthma attack?

<p>Bronchioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the exchange of chloride ions entering red blood cells and bicarbonate ions leaving, as a response to CO2 levels?

<p>Bicarbonate shift (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of carbon dioxide transport, what occurs in the pulmonary capillaries which leads to the formation of additional CO2?

<p>Release of bicarbonate ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does increased plasma carbon dioxide affect blood pH?

<p>Lowers blood pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which center in the medulla stimulates inspiratory muscles to establish breathing rhythm?

<p>Inspiratory center (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reflex limits the degree of inspiration and prevents overinflation of the lungs, particularly in infants?

<p>Hering-Breuer Reflex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The conscious control of ventilation can be influenced by which factors?

<p>Willfulness and pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of external respiration?

<p>Gas exchange between air in lungs and blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the respiratory system is primarily responsible for voice production?

<p>Vocal folds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the upper respiratory tract?

<p>Protection against microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the respiratory system, where do bronchioles end?

<p>At alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event leads to the production of sound during voice production?

<p>Movement of air over vocal folds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nose is responsible for smell?

<p>Choanae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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