Respiratory System Structure: Tracheobronchial Tree

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What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?

Produce surfactant

Help in gas exchange

Cause smooth muscle constriction

Beat upward towards the esophagus to clear debris (correct)

Where does gas exchange primarily occur in the respiratory system?

Bronchioles

Trachea

Respiratory bronchioles

Alveoli (correct)

What is the role of Type II pneumocytes in the respiratory membrane?

Contraction during asthma attacks

Gas exchange

Production of surfactant (correct)

Removal of debris and pathogens

Which structure in the respiratory system branches into tertiary bronchi?

Primary bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dust cells in the alveoli?

Remove debris and pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system lacks cartilage support but has smooth muscle that can constrict during an asthma attack?

Bronchioles Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the exchange of chloride ions entering red blood cells and bicarbonate ions leaving, as a response to CO2 levels?

Bicarbonate shift Signup and view all the answers

In the context of carbon dioxide transport, what occurs in the pulmonary capillaries which leads to the formation of additional CO2?

Release of bicarbonate ions Signup and view all the answers

How does increased plasma carbon dioxide affect blood pH?

Lowers blood pH Signup and view all the answers

Which center in the medulla stimulates inspiratory muscles to establish breathing rhythm?

Inspiratory center Signup and view all the answers

What reflex limits the degree of inspiration and prevents overinflation of the lungs, particularly in infants?

Hering-Breuer Reflex Signup and view all the answers

The conscious control of ventilation can be influenced by which factors?

Willfulness and pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of external respiration?

Gas exchange between air in lungs and blood Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the respiratory system is primarily responsible for voice production?

Vocal folds Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the upper respiratory tract?

Protection against microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

In the respiratory system, where do bronchioles end?

At alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What event leads to the production of sound during voice production?

Movement of air over vocal folds Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nose is responsible for smell?

Choanae Signup and view all the answers