Respiratory System Quiz

<p>Three (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enable smooth movement during respiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chest pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impaired gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate respiration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bronchitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CXR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exercise or psychological stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viral infection of the nasopharynx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shortness of breath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Streptococcus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Otitis media (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutrients for the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemoptysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20.9% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urbanization and traffic congestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would double (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide gas exchange between inspired air and blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2010 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cigarette smoking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wheezing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coughing fits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Status asthmaticus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Before age 40 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary function tests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemotherapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural reservoir for the virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhaling airborne particles from an infected person's mouth or nose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of taste or smell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecular methods to detect viral RNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social distancing of at least 1 meter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of speech or mobility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5-6 days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune response to the virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gather in large crowds indoors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Illnesses affecting the lungs and airways, a major factor in UAE health, second only to cardiovascular disease.

The process where the lungs transfer oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide.

Describes how the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the individual pressures of each gas.

Air is primarily nitrogen (78.6%), oxygen (20.9%), carbon dioxide (0.04%), and water vapor (0.5%).

The pressure exerted by oxygen molecules in the air or other gas mixture.

An infection of the lungs.

An infectious lung disease caused by bacteria.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a group of lung diseases.

The nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx, which provide entry for inhaled air, trap particles, and warm/moisten it; the larynx is also a speech organ.

The trachea (windpipe) which is supported by cartilaginous rings and allows air flow.

The right and left main bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli, which are all mucous lined (except alveoli) and essential for gas exchange.

Tiny air sacs in the lungs that produce surfactant, a mixture of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. This keeps them open and prevents collapse.

The lungs have three lobes on the right and two on the left, and are covered in pleura (visceral and parietal) facilitating smooth breathing.

The lungs have a dual circulation system. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle (RV), and the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium (LA) and then to the left ventricle(LV) for distribution to the body. Oxygen and nutrients for lung tissue itself come from the bronchial arteries.

The primary function of the lungs is respiration, which involves transferring oxygen into the blood and releasing carbon dioxide into the air.

Infections such as the common cold, pharyngitis, and otitis media affect the upper respiratory tract.

A middle ear infection, often caused by a viral URI spreading to the middle ear, leading to fluid buildup and Eustachian tube blockage.

Inflammation of the airways leading to the lungs. Can be acute (usually viral) or chronic.

A chronic bacterial infection caused by M. tuberculosis. Leads to granulomas, scarring, and cavities in the lungs.

Symptoms of pneumonia may include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), coughing up phlegm (expectoration), weakness (prostration), coughing up blood (hemoptysis), and general weakness (debilitation).

A condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the bronchi, causing excessive mucus production and a persistent cough, often triggered by smoking, air pollution, or infections.

A lung disease where the tiny air sacs in your lungs (alveoli) lose their elasticity, leading to shortness of breath, wheezing, and a persistent cough.

A condition with episodes of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath caused by inflammation and tightening of the airways, often triggered by allergens, exercise, or stress.

A chest X-ray (CXR) for emphysema will show hyperinflation, meaning the lungs are abnormally expanded because they struggle to exhale fully.

Managing emphysema primarily involves treating the symptoms, such as shortness of breath, and stopping smoking, although symptoms may continue even after quitting.

A severe and potentially life-threatening asthma attack that doesn't respond to usual treatments. It involves repeated bronchospasms over a short period.

Malignant growth in the lung tissue, often caused by smoking, with various subtypes characterized by different growth patterns.

Symptoms resulting from certain cancers that are not directly caused by the tumor itself. These symptoms are caused by hormones secreted by the tumor.

A condition where the body produces too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to excessive water retention.

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol and other hormones.

Imaging and tissue tests like chest X-ray (CXR), CT scan, MRI, and tumor biopsy are used to diagnose lung cancer.

A type of lung cancer that originates in the squamous cells lining the airways, accounting for about 30% of lung cancers.

Treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, but complete cure is often difficult.

The spread of cancer cells from their primary site to other parts of the body.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

The virus spreads through small liquid particles released when an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks, sings, or breathes.

The most common symptoms are fever, cough, tiredness, and loss of taste or smell.

Molecular methods, like RT-PCR, detect viral RNA for direct diagnosis. Antigen tests detect viral protein, while serologic tests measure the body's antibody response.

Getting vaccinated significantly reduces the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death.

Stay at least 1 meter apart from others, even if they don't appear sick.

Wear a properly fitted mask to prevent spreading or inhaling respiratory droplets.

Choose open, well-ventilated spaces, and open windows indoors.