Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the aryepiglottic folds?
What is the primary function of the aryepiglottic folds?
- To span from the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilage (correct)
- To control the pitch of vocal sounds
- To connect the vocal folds to the trachea
- To direct airflow towards the nasal passageways
Which of the following statements correctly describes the position of the vocal folds during deep expiration?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the position of the vocal folds during deep expiration?
- The vocal folds are in a fully abducted position
- The vocal folds are adducted to a maximal extent (correct)
- The vocal folds are partially open to allow airflow
- The vocal folds form a diamond shape
What role does the uvula play during sneezing?
What role does the uvula play during sneezing?
- It aids in the compression of air from the lungs
- It directs the released air towards the lungs
- It ensures the epiglottis remains open
- It is depressed to facilitate airflow to the nasal passageways (correct)
What shape does the rima glottidis take during quiet inspiration?
What shape does the rima glottidis take during quiet inspiration?
What is the primary consequence of the sudden release of compressed air during actions like sneezing?
What is the primary consequence of the sudden release of compressed air during actions like sneezing?
Which sensory nerve branch is responsible for sensory input above the vocal cords?
Which sensory nerve branch is responsible for sensory input above the vocal cords?
Which parts of the airways are classified as the extrathoracic (superior) airway?
Which parts of the airways are classified as the extrathoracic (superior) airway?
What is the primary function of the intrathoracic (inferior) airway?
What is the primary function of the intrathoracic (inferior) airway?
Which sinus is primarily responsible for draining mucus into the nasal cavity?
Which sinus is primarily responsible for draining mucus into the nasal cavity?
What part of the pharynx is involved in both respiratory and digestive functions?
What part of the pharynx is involved in both respiratory and digestive functions?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the external nose?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the external nose?
What is the primary anatomical division of the respiratory system?
What is the primary anatomical division of the respiratory system?
What type of membrane lines the nasal cavity?
What type of membrane lines the nasal cavity?
Which statement regarding the lymph drainage in the respiratory system is correct?
Which statement regarding the lymph drainage in the respiratory system is correct?
Which of the following describes the conducting division of the respiratory system?
Which of the following describes the conducting division of the respiratory system?
What happens to the oropharynx when the soft palate is elevated?
What happens to the oropharynx when the soft palate is elevated?
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in the elevation of the laryngopharynx?
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in the elevation of the laryngopharynx?
What is the initial action when masticated food is ready to be swallowed?
What is the initial action when masticated food is ready to be swallowed?
Which instrument's use maximizes expiration of air through the mouth?
Which instrument's use maximizes expiration of air through the mouth?
What is the process that occurs after the bolus is pushed into the pharynx?
What is the process that occurs after the bolus is pushed into the pharynx?
How does air enter the oropharynx during mastication?
How does air enter the oropharynx during mastication?
Which action does NOT occur when the palatopharyngeal arch is pulled medially?
Which action does NOT occur when the palatopharyngeal arch is pulled medially?
What role does the soft palate play during swallowing?
What role does the soft palate play during swallowing?
What occurs during the elevation of the laryngopharynx?
What occurs during the elevation of the laryngopharynx?
Which of the following statements about swallowing is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about swallowing is incorrect?
Which structure begins the upper respiratory tract?
Which structure begins the upper respiratory tract?
Identify the correct description of the conducting division.
Identify the correct description of the conducting division.
What primarily composes the framework of the external nose?
What primarily composes the framework of the external nose?
What is the first structure in the lower respiratory tract?
What is the first structure in the lower respiratory tract?
Which arteries supply blood to the skin of the external nose?
Which arteries supply blood to the skin of the external nose?
Which portion begins the respiratory division?
Which portion begins the respiratory division?
Which regions are included in the conducting portion of the respiratory tract?
Which regions are included in the conducting portion of the respiratory tract?
Which of the following is NOT part of the lower respiratory tract?
Which of the following is NOT part of the lower respiratory tract?
What characterizes the respiratory division of the respiratory system?
What characterizes the respiratory division of the respiratory system?
What supplies the skin of the ala and the lower part of the septum?
What supplies the skin of the ala and the lower part of the septum?
What is the primary purpose of elevating the soft palate during swallowing?
What is the primary purpose of elevating the soft palate during swallowing?
Which muscle primarily aids in the closure of the nasopharynx during swallowing?
Which muscle primarily aids in the closure of the nasopharynx during swallowing?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating the larynx during swallowing?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating the larynx during swallowing?
What action is performed by the superior constrictor muscle during the swallowing process?
What action is performed by the superior constrictor muscle during the swallowing process?
What is the role of the Cricopharyngeus muscle at the lower end of the pharynx?
What is the role of the Cricopharyngeus muscle at the lower end of the pharynx?
How does the elevation of the larynx contribute to the swallowing process?
How does the elevation of the larynx contribute to the swallowing process?
Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the pharyngeal plexus?
Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the pharyngeal plexus?
What happens to breathing during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
What happens to breathing during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
Which muscle primarily pulls the palatopharyngeal arch medially during swallowing?
Which muscle primarily pulls the palatopharyngeal arch medially during swallowing?
Study Notes
Introduction
- The respiratory system comprises airway anatomy and lung anatomy.
- Airway anatomy is subdivided into extrathoracic (superior) and intrathoracic (inferior) airways.
- The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
- The lower respiratory tract extends from the trachea to the alveoli.
Nose
- The external nose consists of various components, supported by hyaline cartilage.
- Blood supply to the external nose comes from branches of the ophthalmic, maxillary, and facial arteries.
- The nasal cavity has distinct boundaries and is lined with mucous membrane, rich in nerve supply and lymph drainage.
Sinuses
- Sinuses include maxillary, frontal, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal sinuses, serving as drainage for mucus.
Pharynx
- Divided into nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
- Plays a role in respiration and digestion, controlling the passage of air and food.
- The elevation of the soft palate separates the nasopharynx from the oropharynx during swallowing.
Anatomical Division
- The upper respiratory tract begins at the nasal cavity while the lower tract starts at the trachea.
- Key functions include air conduction to the alveolar surface for gas exchange.
Functional Division
- Conducting division involves passages only for airflow, from the nose through the bronchioles.
- Respiratory division includes the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
Larynx
- The larynx elevates to protect the trachea during swallowing, closing off the airway.
- Muscles like the stylopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus assist in swallowing by elevating the larynx and pharynx.
- Sneezing involves sudden abduction of vocal folds to expel air rapidly, clearing the airway.
Vocal Folds
- Vocal folds are maximally abducted during quiet inspiration and adducted during expiration.
- The shape of the rima glottidis changes during respiration; it is triangle-shaped when abducted for air entry.
Nerve Supply
- The sensory nerve supply above the vocal cords is mediated by the internal laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (vagus nerve).
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Description
Dive into the intricate details of the respiratory system, including its anatomy, nerve supply, blood supply, and lymph drainage. This quiz covers essential topics such as airway and lung anatomy, providing a comprehensive understanding of respiratory functions.
