Breathing and Exchange of Gases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood?

  • Higher pO2 in the blood compared to the alveoli
  • Lower pO2 in the capillaries compared to the alveoli (correct)
  • Lower pO2 in the alveoli compared to the oxygenated blood
  • Thicker respiratory membrane in the alveoli

What is the primary function of the alveoli?

  • To facilitate the exchange of gases between the lungs and the bloodstream (correct)
  • To strengthen the lungs against external injuries
  • To produce mucus to trap dust and bacteria
  • To provide a pathway for air to enter the lungs

Which of the following statements about oxygenated blood is true?

  • It has a lower pO2 compared to the tissues
  • It has the same pO2 as the alveoli
  • It has a lower pO2 compared to the alveoli
  • It has a higher pO2 compared to the deoxygenated blood (correct)

What is the direction of carbon dioxide diffusion in the alveoli?

<p>From the blood to the alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spirometer?

<p>Measuring the volume of air in the nasal cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the surface of gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream?

<p>Respiratory membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of gas exchange between the blood and the air?

<p>Alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pO2 of the oxygenated blood when it leaves the lungs?

<p>95 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

<p>At the distal end of the bronchial tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of oxygen diffusion in the tissues?

<p>From the blood to the tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which gases cross the alveolar membrane?

<p>Diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the alveolar membrane that facilitates gas exchange?

<p>Thin and moist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the trachea in the respiratory system?

<p>To warm and humidify the air we breathe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide?

<p>Alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the heart in the respiratory process?

<p>To pump carbon dioxide-rich blood to the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart?

<p>Pulmonary veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is released into the bloodstream?

<p>Carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the capillary network surrounding the alveoli?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the bronchioles in the respiratory system?

<p>To carry air from the trachea to the alveoli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the trachea that prevents it from collapsing?

<p>Its incomplete cartilaginous rings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the site where air is prepared for gas exchange with the blood?

<p>Conducting part (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the respiratory part of the respiratory system?

<p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that leads to the nasopharynx?

<p>Nasal cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of air flow through the bronchi?

<p>From the trachea to the alveoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nasal passage in the human respiratory system?

<p>To filter out dust particles from the air (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms breathes through its moist cuticle?

<p>Earthworm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in the human respiratory system?

<p>To expand the chest cavity during inhalation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do insects transport air throughout their body?

<p>Through a network of tracheal tubes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of carbon dioxide in the human respiratory system?

<p>Terminal bronchioles -&gt; Bronchus -&gt; Trachea -&gt; Larynx -&gt; Nasal cavity -&gt; Nose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms can respire through their moist skin?

<p>Amphibian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following occurs during external respiration?

<p>Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood capillaries and the alveoli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the capillary network surrounding the alveoli?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the lung tissue in a patient with a respiratory disease?

<p>It becomes scarred, thickened, and stiff (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

<p>It contracts and descends (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

<p>To warm and humidify the air we breathe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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