Breathing and Exchange of Gases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood?

  • Higher pO2 in the blood compared to the alveoli
  • Lower pO2 in the capillaries compared to the alveoli (correct)
  • Lower pO2 in the alveoli compared to the oxygenated blood
  • Thicker respiratory membrane in the alveoli

    • What is the primary function of the alveoli?

  • To facilitate the exchange of gases between the lungs and the bloodstream (correct)
  • To strengthen the lungs against external injuries
  • To produce mucus to trap dust and bacteria
  • To provide a pathway for air to enter the lungs

    • Which of the following statements about oxygenated blood is true?

  • It has a lower pO2 compared to the tissues
  • It has the same pO2 as the alveoli
  • It has a lower pO2 compared to the alveoli
  • It has a higher pO2 compared to the deoxygenated blood (correct)

    • What is the direction of carbon dioxide diffusion in the alveoli?

    <p>From the blood to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the spirometer?

    <p>Measuring the volume of air in the nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the surface of gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream?

    <p>Respiratory membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of gas exchange between the blood and the air?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pO2 of the oxygenated blood when it leaves the lungs?

    <p>95 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>At the distal end of the bronchial tree</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of oxygen diffusion in the tissues?

    <p>From the blood to the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which gases cross the alveolar membrane?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the alveolar membrane that facilitates gas exchange?

    <p>Thin and moist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea in the respiratory system?

    <p>To warm and humidify the air we breathe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the heart in the respiratory process?

    <p>To pump carbon dioxide-rich blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is released into the bloodstream?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the capillary network surrounding the alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the bronchioles in the respiratory system?

    <p>To carry air from the trachea to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the trachea that prevents it from collapsing?

    <p>Its incomplete cartilaginous rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site where air is prepared for gas exchange with the blood?

    <p>Conducting part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the respiratory part of the respiratory system?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that leads to the nasopharynx?

    <p>Nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of air flow through the bronchi?

    <p>From the trachea to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nasal passage in the human respiratory system?

    <p>To filter out dust particles from the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms breathes through its moist cuticle?

    <p>Earthworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the diaphragm in the human respiratory system?

    <p>To expand the chest cavity during inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do insects transport air throughout their body?

    <p>Through a network of tracheal tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of carbon dioxide in the human respiratory system?

    <p>Terminal bronchioles -&gt; Bronchus -&gt; Trachea -&gt; Larynx -&gt; Nasal cavity -&gt; Nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms can respire through their moist skin?

    <p>Amphibian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following occurs during external respiration?

    <p>Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood capillaries and the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the capillary network surrounding the alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the lung tissue in a patient with a respiratory disease?

    <p>It becomes scarred, thickened, and stiff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the diaphragm during inspiration?

    <p>It contracts and descends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

    <p>To warm and humidify the air we breathe</p> Signup and view all the answers

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