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Questions and Answers
What structure is primarily responsible for directing food and drink into the esophagus during swallowing?
What structure is primarily responsible for directing food and drink into the esophagus during swallowing?
Which part of the pharynx is located directly behind the nasal cavity?
Which part of the pharynx is located directly behind the nasal cavity?
What type of cartilage is found in the larynx?
What type of cartilage is found in the larynx?
During phonation, what happens to the glottis?
During phonation, what happens to the glottis?
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What structure separates the superior lobe from the middle lobe in the right lung?
What structure separates the superior lobe from the middle lobe in the right lung?
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What is the function of the pleura surrounding the lungs?
What is the function of the pleura surrounding the lungs?
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What identifies the space between the vocal cords?
What identifies the space between the vocal cords?
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How many major cartilages are found in the framework of the larynx?
How many major cartilages are found in the framework of the larynx?
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What is the primary function of the nasal conchae?
What is the primary function of the nasal conchae?
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What is the primary role of the cricoid cartilage in the larynx?
What is the primary role of the cricoid cartilage in the larynx?
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What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?
What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?
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Which of the following organs is NOT part of the respiratory system?
Which of the following organs is NOT part of the respiratory system?
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What occurs during inspiration?
What occurs during inspiration?
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Which division of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
Which division of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?
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What is one of the functions of the nose?
What is one of the functions of the nose?
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What common function does the conducting division of the respiratory system serve?
What common function does the conducting division of the respiratory system serve?
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What separates the right and left halves of the nasal cavity?
What separates the right and left halves of the nasal cavity?
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Which part of the nose provides structural support?
Which part of the nose provides structural support?
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What is the function of alveoli in the lungs?
What is the function of alveoli in the lungs?
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During which process is carbon dioxide removed from the bloodstream?
During which process is carbon dioxide removed from the bloodstream?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System
- Breath represents life, the first and last breaths are dramatic moments
- Breathing is essential due to metabolism needing ATP; ATP synthesis requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, hence the need to breathe.
- The respiratory system is composed of tubes delivering air to lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood, and carbon dioxide is removed.
Functions of the Respiratory System
- Gas Exchange: The primary function is to deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide.
- Communication: Speech production is a respiratory function.
- Olfaction: The nose contains receptors for smelling.
- Acid-base balance: Breathing helps maintain proper acid-base balance in the body.
- Blood pressure regulation: The respiratory system assists in blood pressure homeostasis.
- Expulsion of abdominal contents: Breathing assists in expelling abdominal contents.
Upper Respiratory Tract
- Conduits for air: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea
- Conducting division: no gas exchange within
- Nose: warms, cleanses, and humidifies inhaled air; detects odors; amplifies voice
- Pharynx: common passageway for air and food; consists of three parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
- Larynx: voice box; keeps food out of airway; produces sound.
Lower Respiratory Tract
- Conducting division: trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, bronchioles, terminal, respiratorius (includes alveoli); continues airflow
- Alveoli: microscopic air sacs; gas exchange site
Lungs
- Apex: superior, pointed portion of the lung.
- Facies diaphragmatica: inferior surface where the lung rests on the diaphragm.
- Facies costalis: outer surface of the lung lying against the ribs.
- Facies mediastinalis, mediastinal surface: touches the mediastinum.
- Root of the lung: point of attachment for the bronchi, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
- Hilum: the slit in the mediastinal surface
Pleura
- Double-layered serous membrane surrounding the lungs.
- Visceral pleura: inner layer adhered to the lung tissue.
- Parietal pleura: outer layer adhered to the thoracic cavity.
- Pleural cavity: narrow space between the two layers; contains serous fluid reducing friction between membranes.
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Description
Explore the essential functions of the respiratory system, including gas exchange, communication, and olfaction. Understand the components of the upper respiratory tract and their roles in maintaining life. This quiz provides insight into how breathing impacts metabolism and homeostasis.
