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Questions and Answers
What organ serves as the initial entry point for air in the respiratory system?
What organ serves as the initial entry point for air in the respiratory system?
Nose
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate the intake and exchange of gases, supplying the blood with oxygen.
The ______________ is also called the windpipe.
The ______________ is also called the windpipe.
trachea
What happens to the rib muscles and diaphragm during inhalation?
What happens to the rib muscles and diaphragm during inhalation?
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The circulatory system is responsible for exchanging gases in the body.
The circulatory system is responsible for exchanging gases in the body.
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What is the primary function of blood in the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of blood in the circulatory system?
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Which blood component is responsible for protecting the body from infection?
Which blood component is responsible for protecting the body from infection?
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Match the following components of the heart with their functions:
Match the following components of the heart with their functions:
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What is the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs called?
What is the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs called?
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What is heredity?
What is heredity?
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Which term describes a gene combination involving one dominant and one recessive allele?
Which term describes a gene combination involving one dominant and one recessive allele?
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Incomplete dominance results in a third phenotype.
Incomplete dominance results in a third phenotype.
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Study Notes
Respiratory System
- Responsible for gas exchange, supplying oxygen to the blood, enabling breathing, and voice production.
- Provides energy to body cells through the process of respiration.
Parts and Functions of the Respiratory System
- Nose: Entry point for air, filters it.
- Nasal Passages: Channels for airflow; warm, clean, and moisten air.
- Trachea: Hollow tube (windpipe) that directs air to the lungs.
- Bronchi: Two tubes branching from the trachea into the lungs.
- Bronchioles: Fine, hair-like tubes connecting bronchi to alveoli.
- Alveoli: Air sacs for gas exchange in the lungs.
- Lungs: Bring in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body.
Respiratory System: Inhalation
- Rib muscles and diaphragm contract, causing rib cage to expand.
- Lung volume increases, leading to decreased air pressure in the lungs.
- Air flows into the lungs as the chest cavity volume increases.
Respiratory System: Exhalation
- Rib muscles and diaphragm relax, rib cage becomes smaller.
- Air pressure in the lungs increases, forcing air out.
- Chest cavity volume decreases during exhalation.
Circulatory System
- Responsible for distributing materials (oxygen, nutrients, waste) throughout the body.
- Works with other systems for efficient transportation of vital elements.
Parts and Functions of the Circulatory System
-
Blood: Transports nutrients and gases.
- Red Blood Cells: Deliver oxygen to tissues.
- White Blood Cells: Protect against infection.
- Platelets: Aid in blood clotting.
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Blood Vessels: Network for blood transport.
- Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood from the heart.
- Veins: Transport deoxygenated blood to the heart.
- Capillaries: Smallest vessels connecting arterioles to venules.
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Heart: Pumps blood with four chambers (left/right atria and ventricles).
- Left side handles oxygen-rich blood; right side manages oxygen-poor blood.
- Valves ensure one-way blood flow.
Types of Circulation
- Pulmonary Circulation: Blood flows from heart to lungs and back.
- Coronary Circulation: Blood movement through heart tissues.
- Systemic Circulation: Blood circulation from heart to the rest of the body, excluding lungs.
Effects of Cigarette Smoking
- Respiratory Diseases: Bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, tuberculosis, pneumonia, COVID-19, lung cancer.
- Circulatory Diseases: Hypertension, coronary heart diseases, myocardial infarction, arteriosclerosis, aneurysm, stroke.
Genetics
- Study of heredity (trait passing from parent to offspring) and variation (differences among individuals).
- Gene: DNA sequence determining traits.
- Allele: Gene pair controlling a trait.
- Homozygous: Combination of two identical alleles (dominant/recessive).
- Heterozygous: Combination of one dominant and one recessive allele.
Non-Mendelian Principles of Inheritance
- Incomplete Dominance: Intermediate inheritance; one allele is not completely dominant, resulting in a third phenotype.
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Description
This quiz covers the basic concepts of the respiratory system, including its functions and parts. Learn about gas exchange, oxygen supply, and voice production, as well as the process of respiration. Test your knowledge on the vital role of the respiratory system in the body.
