Exam 3 sg-all
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?

  • Trigger bronchoconstriction
  • Decrease lung compliance
  • Enhance gas exchange efficiency
  • Increase lung compliance (correct)
  • Which structure forms the alveolocapillary membrane where gas exchange occurs?

  • Bronchial tree
  • Pulmonary capillaries (correct)
  • Interlobular septum
  • Pulmonary artery
  • What is the primary role of the diaphragm in breathing?

  • Assist in raising the ribs during inspiration
  • Increase lung compliance
  • Perform 80% of the work of breathing (correct)
  • Contribute to elastic recoil of the lungs
  • Which vessel returns oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hypoxic vasoconstriction in the lungs?

    <p>Improve ventilation/perfusion matching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of lung and chest wall distensibility known as?

    <p>Compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>Provide a surface for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of alveolar cells is responsible for producing surfactant?

    <p>Type 2 alveolar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of surfactant in the alveoli?

    <p>Prevent collapse by blocking water and hydrogen binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the pulmonary circulation system differ from the systemic circulation system?

    <p>Pulmonary circulation has lower pressure compared to systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the pulmonary circulation system begin?

    <p>Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which circulation system serves structures like bronchi and bronchioles?

    <p>Systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an increase in compliance of the lungs indicate?

    <p>Lungs are abnormally easy to inflate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with an increase in airway resistance?

    <p>Bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are peripheral chemoreceptors that detect PaO2 located?

    <p>Carotid and aortic bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when ventilation exceeds perfusion in the lungs?

    <p>High PaO2 and low PaCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which center in the brainstem sets the basic automatic rhythm of respiration?

    <p>Dorsal respiratory group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do peripheral chemoreceptors respond to hypoxia?

    <p>Increase ventilation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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