18 Questions
What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?
Increase lung compliance
Which structure forms the alveolocapillary membrane where gas exchange occurs?
Pulmonary capillaries
What is the primary role of the diaphragm in breathing?
Perform 80% of the work of breathing
Which vessel returns oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart?
Pulmonary vein
What is the function of hypoxic vasoconstriction in the lungs?
Improve ventilation/perfusion matching
What is the measure of lung and chest wall distensibility known as?
Compliance
What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?
Provide a surface for gas exchange
Which type of alveolar cells is responsible for producing surfactant?
Type 2 alveolar cells
What is the role of surfactant in the alveoli?
Prevent collapse by blocking water and hydrogen binding
How does the pulmonary circulation system differ from the systemic circulation system?
Pulmonary circulation has lower pressure compared to systemic circulation
Where does the pulmonary circulation system begin?
Pulmonary artery
Which circulation system serves structures like bronchi and bronchioles?
Systemic circulation
What does an increase in compliance of the lungs indicate?
Lungs are abnormally easy to inflate
Which condition is associated with an increase in airway resistance?
Bronchitis
Where are peripheral chemoreceptors that detect PaO2 located?
Carotid and aortic bodies
What happens when ventilation exceeds perfusion in the lungs?
High PaO2 and low PaCO2
Which center in the brainstem sets the basic automatic rhythm of respiration?
Dorsal respiratory group
How do peripheral chemoreceptors respond to hypoxia?
Increase ventilation rate
Test your knowledge on concepts such as lung compliance, airway resistance, and work of breathing in the respiratory system. Learn about the factors that affect the ease of lung inflation and air flow resistance.
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