Respiratory System: Lung Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the final point of division for the branches in the lungs?

Capillaries (correct)

Air sacs

Alveoli

Bronchi

What happens to CO2 in the lungs?

It reacts with O2 to form H2O

It passes from the blood into the air sacs and is exhaled (correct)

It is absorbed into the blood

It is stored in the lungs for later use

What is the purpose of the capillaries in the lungs?

To regulate body temperature

To filter out impurities

To facilitate gas exchange (correct)

To store oxygen

Where does O2 go after being inhaled?

Into the bloodstream to be transported Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the air sacs within the lungs?

Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of CO2 flow in the lungs?

From the blood into the air sacs Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that occurs in the alveoli?

Gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of inhaled O2 in the lungs?

It passes into the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that the branches of the lungs divide and subdivide into?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the air in the lungs?

CO2 is exhaled and O2 is inhaled Signup and view all the answers

How many pulmonary veins enter the left atrium?

Two left and two right Signup and view all the answers

Into which circulation is the oxygenated blood ejected from the left ventricle?

Systemic circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the kidneys?

Renal artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries is not part of the upper limb?

Popliteal artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries is a branch of the common femoral artery?

Superficial femoral artery Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the heart to function and survive?

A continuous supply of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart's requirement for oxygen similar to?

Any other tissue or organ of the body Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if the heart does not receive a continuous supply of oxygen?

It would stop functioning and eventually die Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart's dependence on oxygen related to?

Its ability to produce energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart's similarity to other tissues and organs in terms of oxygen supply?

It requires the same amount of oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Where does the pulmonary trunk emerge from?

The right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pulmonary trunk?

To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Into how many branches does the pulmonary trunk divide?

Two branches Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination of the right pulmonary artery?

The right lung Signup and view all the answers

What is the destination of the left pulmonary artery?

The left lung Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood Flow and Oxygenation

Branches of the pulmonary artery divide and subdivide into capillaries around the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs.
CO2 passes from the blood into the air sacs and is exhaled.
Inhaled O2 passes from the air within the lungs into the blood.

Pulmonary Veins

Two left and two right pulmonary veins enter the left atrium.

Systemic Circulation

Contractions of the left ventricle eject oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.

Abdominal Aorta Branches

Inferior phrenic
Celiac
Superior mesenteric
Renal
Inferior mesenteric
Common iliac (divides into external iliac and internal iliac)

Upper Limb Arteries

Subclavian
Axillary
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar

Lower Limb Arteries

Common femoral artery
Superficial femoral
Profunda femoris
Popliteal

Heart Function

The heart requires a continuous supply of oxygen to function and survive.
The pulmonary trunk emerges from the right ventricle and divides into two branches: the right pulmonary artery to the right lung and the left pulmonary artery to the left lung.

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Description

Explore the structure and function of the lungs, including the branching of airways and the formation of capillaries around alveoli. Learn about the respiratory system and how it facilitates gas exchange.