24 Questions
What are the three main causes of restricted airflow mentioned in the text?
Inflammation, spasmodic state of smooth muscle, and excessive production of mucus
What is the function of a beta-adrenergic agonist medication like Ventolin?
To stimulate beta 2 adrenoreceptors and reduce smooth muscle tone
What is the function of a muscarinic receptor antagonist medication?
To block the effect of acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors
What is the function of a xanthine drug like theophylline?
To inhibit intracellular cyclic AMP and stimulate the respiratory center
What are the potential adverse effects of theophylline?
Seizure, cardiac arrhythmia, death
What is the function of ipratropium bromide?
To act as an anticholinergic bronchodilator
What is the function of a glucocorticosteroid medication?
To reduce the production of inflammatory mediators
What are the potential adverse effects of inhaled glucocorticosteroid medication?
Hoarseness, irritation, dysphonia, candidiasis
What is the function of cromolyn and nedocromil sodium medication?
To reduce the production of inflammatory mediators
What is the function of a steroid-sparing agent like methotrexate?
To reduce the need for glucocorticosteroid medication
What are the potential adverse effects of methotrexate?
Hair loss, hepatotoxicity
What is the function of montelukast medication?
To block the effect of cysteinyl leukotrienes
What are the three main factors that can cause airflow restriction in the respiratory system?
Spasmodic state of smooth muscle, inflammation, and excessive production of mucus
Which medication is a beta adrenergic agonist and is used as a reliever for respiratory conditions?
Ventolin
What is the function of xanthine drugs in treating respiratory conditions?
Both of the above
What is the narrow therapeutic range of adenosine?
10-20mg/L
What is the lethal dose of theophylline?
40+ mg/L
Which medication is an anticholinergic bronchodilator?
Ipratropium bromide
What is the function of glucocorticosteroids in treating respiratory conditions?
Stopping production of inflammatory mediators
What is the function of cromolyn and nedocromil sodium in treating respiratory conditions?
Stopping production of inflammatory mediators
Which medication is a steroid-sparing agent for severe asthma?
Methotrexate
What is the function of montelukast in treating mild asthma in pediatric patients?
Blocking the effect of cysteinyl leukotrienes without the use of steroids
What is the recommended action to reduce the risk of candidiasis when using glucocorticosteroids?
Wash the mouth after usage or use antifungal oral suspension/gel
What is the function of non-cholinergic excitatory nerves in causing airflow restriction?
Releasing tachykinins
Test your knowledge on the factors that influence airflow restriction in the respiratory system with this quiz. Learn about bronchoconstrictor and bronchodilator influences, the effects of inflammation and excessive mucus production, and the role of nerve and humoral factors. Explore the mechanisms of smooth muscle spasms and the impact of catecholamines on beta 2 adrenoreceptors. Challenge yourself to become an expert on respiratory physiology and the factors that can lead to breathing difficulties.
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