Respiratory System Gas Exchange Tutorial 1

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What is the main mechanism for the initial movement of air into the lungs during inspiration?

Convection

Where does the actual exchange of gases occur in the lungs?

Alveoli sacs

What is the process through which air in the smallest airways moves into the alveoli sacs?

Diffusion

Which part of the lung does air initially pass through to reach the respiratory zone of the bronchial tree?

<p>Conducting zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the mechanics of breathing produce during inspiration?

<p>Air flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the lungs does the movement of air involve convection?

<p>Conducting zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Fick’s Law, the rate of transfer of a gas through a sheet of tissue is inversely proportional to:

<p>Difference in gas partial pressure between the 2 sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial to the alveoli remaining inflated, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the composition of air/the atmosphere at sea level consist of?

<p>Carbon dioxide (~0.04%)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What plays a vital role in keeping the alveoli inflated, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Boyles Law, what happens when the greater the number of gas molecules in an area?

<p>The pressure they exert increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of rapid shallow breathing on the amount of air reaching the alveoli?

<p>It decreases the amount of fresh air reaching the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the alveoli, which gas has a greater partial pressure gradient across the respiratory membrane?

<p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solubility comparison between carbon dioxide and oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide is around 20 times more soluble than oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does gas exchange occur in the alveoli?

<p>By diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors affecting efficient gas exchange?

<p>Concentration/pressure gradient, gas solubility, surface area of alveolar membrane, ventilation/perfusion coupling, thickness of alveolar membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the amount of fresh air reaching the alveoli if you take very shallow breaths?

<p>It decreases the amount of fresh air reaching the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is collateral ventilation integral to?

<p>Assisting equal alveolar expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinically termed names for blood gases in pulmonary arteries and veins?

<p>Venous Blood Gases and Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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