Respiratory System Functions Quiz

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What are the main functions of the respiratory system?

Gas exchange, maintains acid-base balance, acts as a blood reservoir, filters and destroys emboli, metabolizes bioactive substances, protects airways, and provides olfaction.

What is the specific role of the fourth segment of the respiratory passages?

The fourth segment includes the trachea and upper conducting airways, lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and goblet cells.

Which glands are responsible for secreting a large amount of mucus in the respiratory passages?

Bowman's Glands

What is the function of the upper airways in the respiratory system?

Provide sense of smell (olfaction) and play a role in temperature regulation in panting animals. Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the upper conducting airways in the respiratory system?

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium Signup and view all the answers

How does the respiratory system contribute to the cardiovascular system?

Delivers oxygen for distribution and removes carbon dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of mucus exudates in purulent rhinitis?

Thick, opaque, can vary from white to green to brown Signup and view all the answers

What causes fibrinous rhinitis?

Notable alterations in vascular permeability resulting in abundant exudation of plasma fibrinogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific cause of inclusion body rhinitis in pigs?

Cytomegalovirus Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of granulomatous rhinitis?

Infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the mucosa and submucosa Signup and view all the answers

What conditions can lead to sinusitis in animals?

Rhinitis or a sequelae of septic wound, improper dehorning, tooth infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the complex etiology associated with atrophic rhinitis in pigs?

Infection by Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional consequence of little or no collateral ventilation in the lobulated lungs of ruminants and pigs?

Collapse of the distal parenchyma and a lobular pattern of pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Why are lobar to diffuse forms of pneumonia more common in animals with Type II and Type III lungs?

Due to more intercommunications between adjacent lung areas providing collateral ventilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the gross appearance of atelectasis?

Dark and congested appearance, usually depressed in relation to normal aerated lung Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of acquired atelectasis?

Alveolar collapse, blockage of airways, compression from space-occupying lesions in the thorax Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to massive atelectasis in conditions like pneumothorax?

Compression as a result of space-occupying lesions in the thorax (e.g., tumor, exudates) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of complete distention or collapse of previously distended lung in atelectasis?

Gross: Dark and congested appearance, usually depressed in relation to normal aerated lung Signup and view all the answers

What are some processes that can impede the flow of air in the respiratory system?

Nasal tumors, bronchiolitis, bronchoconstriction, laryngeal paralysis, pulmonary edema Signup and view all the answers

What clinical sign of respiratory malfunction may indicate increased production of normal secretions?

Nasal discharge Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for coughing up blood?

Hemoptysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an increase in the rate and depth of pulmonary ventilation?

Hyperpnea Signup and view all the answers

What can cause epistaxis in animals?

Vascular rupture, intranasal fungal infection, neoplasia, systemic coagulopathy, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia, hyperviscosity syndrome, nasal trauma Signup and view all the answers

What can cause interstitial pneumonia in the respiratory system?

Viruses and toxins Signup and view all the answers

What are the different classifications of pneumonia based on aetiology in domestic animals?

Viral pneumonia, Pasteurella pneumonia, Distemper pneumonia, Verminous pneumonia, Chemical pneumonia, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Signup and view all the answers

Describe the different types of pneumonia based on exudation.

Suppurative pneumonia, Fibrinous pneumonia, Pyogranulomatous pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Explain the classification of pneumonia based on morphologic features.

Gangrenous pneumonia, Proliferative pneumonia, Embolic pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What are the different distributions of lesions seen in pneumonia?

Focal pneumonia, Cranio-ventral pneumonia, Diffuse pneumonia, Lobar pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

List some of the epidemiologic attributes associated with pneumonia.

Enzootic pneumonia, Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Shipping fever pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Mention some of the miscellaneous attributes of pneumonia.

Atypical pneumonia, Cuffing pneumonia, Progressive pneumonia, Aspiration pneumonia, Farmer's lung, Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, Mycoplasma mycoides subs mycoides Signup and view all the answers