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Questions and Answers
What is formed by the connection of the 2 primary bronchial buds with the trachea?
What is formed by the connection of the 2 primary bronchial buds with the trachea?
At which stage of development do the lumina of bronchi and terminal bronchioles become larger?
At which stage of development do the lumina of bronchi and terminal bronchioles become larger?
What is the origin of the parietal pleura?
What is the origin of the parietal pleura?
What is the characteristic of the Canalicular Period?
What is the characteristic of the Canalicular Period?
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During which period of development are the fetuses unable to survive if born?
During which period of development are the fetuses unable to survive if born?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System Development
- Begins as a median outgrowth, the laryngo-tracheal groove, caudal to the 4th pharyngeal pouches
- Endoderm lining the groove gives rise to epithelium and glands of the respiratory tract
- Surrounding splanchnic mesoderm gives rise to connective tissue, cartilage, and smooth muscles of the respiratory tract
Larynx and Trachea Development
- Laryngo-tracheal diverticulum forms by the end of the 4th week, ventral to the caudal part of the foregut
- Proximal part remains tubular, opens into the pharynx, and forms the larynx and trachea
- Distal end dilates to form a lung bud, which divides to give rise to 2 lateral outgrowths (primary bronchial buds)
Lung Development
- Lung buds divide into primary bronchi, which subdivide into secondary bronchi on each side
- Segmental bronchi begin to form by the 7th week of development
- Respiratory bronchioles develop by the 24th week of development
- Additional development and branching of bronchioles occur after birth
Maturation of Lungs
- Divided into 4 periods: Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Saccular, and Alveolar
- Pseudoglandular Period: 6th-16th weeks, major elements of lungs have formed, but respiration is not possible
- Canalicular Period: 16th-26th weeks, lumina of bronchi and terminal bronchioles become larger, and respiratory bronchioles are formed
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Description
This quiz covers the development of the respiratory system from the laryngo-tracheal groove, including the formation of the epithelium, glands, and muscles of the respiratory tract.
