Respiratory System Changes with Aging
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the amount of oxygen that can be transported in the blood and utilized in the muscles during maximal exercises?

  • Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
  • Physiological dead space
  • Inspiratory muscle strength
  • VO2max (correct)

    • What happens to an older individual's body during exercise?

  • They generate more blood lactate (correct)
  • They perform work more efficiently
  • They experience a decrease in ventilatory effort
  • They generate less blood lactate

    • What is the result of an increased ventilatory effort in an older individual during exercise?

  • A decrease in perceived exertion
  • A decrease in fatigue
  • An increase in fatigue and a higher rating of perceived exertion (correct)
  • A decrease in blood lactate

    • What happens to the lung empting process in an elderly individual?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of ventilation-perfusion mismatch in an elderly individual?

    <p>Lung collapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible reason for postural hypotension during a standing position in the elderly?

    <p>Deposition of lipids on the aortic wall and atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal response of the sympathetic nervous system during standing in a healthy individual?

    <p>It stimulates vasoconstriction and inhibits vasodilatation of the lower limb vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended for elderly individuals to avoid exercising at least one hour after eating?

    <p>To prevent fainting or hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of decreased hematocrit in the elderly?

    <p>Increased risk of anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a decline in the formation of new blood cells with age?

    <p>Slowed recovery from bleeding episodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of decreased WBCs activity in the elderly?

    <p>More liability to infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of vertebrae collapsing?

    <p>More pressure on spinal nerves, causing pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of splinting and casting in physical therapy?

    <p>To reduce contractures in the knee, ankle, and elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of chondrocytes producing a different form of gelatinous compound?

    <p>Increased stiffness and thickness of joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a functional cause of loss of flexibility?

    <p>Hypokinesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the number of nephrons in the kidneys by the age of 70-80?

    <p>It decreases to half</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of passive stretching in the management of contractures?

    <p>To regain length of muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do elderly people have a higher risk of urinary tract infections?

    <p>Because of the residual urine left in the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the efficiency of immune responses with age?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of preventing loss of flexibility?

    <p>Engaging in regular exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of intervertebral discs shrinking and the loss of bone mass?

    <p>Decreased body height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the speed of healing with increasing age?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the ability to lose heat with age?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of aging on the oral cavity?

    <p>Progressive loss of teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common dysfunction of the esophagus in older adults?

    <p>Swallowing disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common change in the stomach with aging?

    <p>Decreased secretion of gastric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common condition affecting the liver with aging?

    <p>Decreased liver size and serum production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common condition affecting the pancreas with aging?

    <p>Chronic primary inflammatory pancreatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of aging on the kidneys?

    <p>Increased susceptibility to disease and injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

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