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Respiratory System Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of the intercostal and diaphragm muscles in respiration?

To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

To utilize oxygen during cellular respiration

To create pressure gradients between the atmosphere and the alveoli (correct)

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the alveoli

Which of the following factors is most important in determining the rate of diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the alveoli and tissues?

The solubility of the gases

The thickness of the diffusion surface

The partial pressure gradients of the gases (correct)

The volume of air involved in respiration

How is most of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

As oxyhaemoglobin

As carbamino-haemoglobin

Dissolved in the plasma

As bicarbonate (HCO3-) (correct)

What is the main form in which oxygen is transported in the blood?

As oxyhaemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and the binding of oxygen to haemoglobin in the blood?

Higher pO2 in the alveoli results in more binding of oxygen to haemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a factor that facilitates the diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli to the deoxygenated blood?

Higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the deoxygenated blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the transport of carbon dioxide in the blood?

It catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

How does the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and carbon dioxide (pCO2) affect the dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin in the tissues?

Lower pO2 and higher pCO2 in the tissues facilitate the dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring the volumes of air involved in respiration using a spirometer?

To assess the clinical significance of respiratory function Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a step involved in the overall process of gas exchange in the body?

Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body by blood Signup and view all the answers