28 Questions
Which portion of the respiratory system is responsible for respiration?
Respiratory bronchioles
What is the main function of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
Conduit for delivering air to the lungs
Which of the following is NOT a component of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
Alveoli
What is the main purpose of the olfactory epithelium?
Smell perception
Which major cell types are associated with the respiratory epithelium?
Ciliated cells and goblet cells
What is the main function of true vocal cords?
Producing sound for speech
Which of the following is true about bronchioles?
They are present in the conducting portion of the respiratory system
What type of epithelium is commonly found in larger bronchioles?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Which structure represents the end of the conducting portion of the respiratory epithelium?
Terminal bronchioles
In contrast to bronchi, what do bronchioles lack in their walls?
Cartilage
Which type of epithelium lines the paranasal sinuses?
Respiratory epithelium
Which condition results from an upper respiratory tract infection and involves inflammation of the paranasal sinuses?
Sinusitis
In Kartagener's syndrome, what is the primary characteristic of the inherited disorder?
Defective ciliary function
What type of cartilage makes up the epiglottis?
Elastic cartilage
What type of epithelium covers the lingual surface and the apical portion of the epiglottis?
Squamous epithelium
Which type of muscle is responsible for modifying both the tension on the true vocal cords and the amount of space between the folds in the larynx?
Skeletal muscle
What is the function of the trachealis muscle in the trachea?
Regulates lumen size
How many primary bronchi does the trachea bifurcate into?
Two
How are isolated plates of hyaline cartilage arranged in smaller bronchi as compared to larger ones?
Arranged in a spiral fashion
What is the function of false vocal cords (ventricular folds) in the larynx?
Create resonance of sound
What type of tissue binds the trachea to adjacent structures?
Fibrous tissue
What type of muscle moves irregularly shaped cartilaginous plates in the larynx with respect to one another?
Skeletal muscle
What is the main function of sustentacular cells in the olfactory epithelium?
Supporting and electrically insulating olfactory cells
How do olfactory glands (Bowman's glands) contribute to olfaction?
Producing a serous secretion that traps and dissolves odiferous substances
What is the effect of chronic exposure to toxins from heavy cigarette smoking or industrial air pollution on respiratory epithelium?
Change from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to stratified squamous epithelium
Which cell type is responsible for moving mucus along the epithelial surface in the respiratory system?
Ciliated columnar cells
What is the function of small granule cells associated with respiratory epithelium?
Regulation of mucous and serous secretions of other cells
Where does olfaction take place in the respiratory system?
Superior nasal concha
Test your knowledge of the histological characteristics and anatomical features of the respiratory system, including the olfactory mucosa, paranasal sinuses, and conducting portion. Identify the secretory portion of glands and the characteristics of the nasal cavity and sinuses.
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